The nurse recognizes that a 4-year-old hospitalized child is exhibiting which characteristic of cognitive development, when the child tells the nurse it’s sad to be at home alone?

Egocentrism.

Magical thinking.

Centration.

Reversibility.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Egocentrism is a characteristic of cognitive development typically seen in the preoperational stage (2-7 years), where children believe everyone sees the world as they do. However, expressing sadness about being home alone does not specifically indicate egocentrism.

Choice B rationale

Magical thinking, also a characteristic of the preoperational stage, involves beliefs that thoughts can cause actions. Feeling sad about being home alone could be a manifestation of this, as the child might believe their sadness can change the situation.

Choice C rationale

Centration is the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others. The child’s statement does not provide evidence of centration.

Choice D rationale

Reversibility, the understanding that actions can be reversed, is a characteristic of the concrete operational stage (7-11 years)14. The child’s statement does not provide evidence of reversibility.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

These therapies will decrease our child’s resistance to respiratory infections. This statement is incorrect. The therapies mentioned - chest physiotherapy (CPT), use of a flutter valve, and a cough assist machine - do not directly decrease a child’s resistance to respiratory infections.

Instead, they help manage the symptoms of cystic fibrosis by helping to clear mucus from the lungs, which can improve lung function and reduce the risk of lung infections.

Choice B rationale

These therapies will only be done when our child is showing signs of illness. This statement is incorrect. These therapies are part of the daily management of cystic fibrosis and are typically done regularly, not just when the child is showing signs of illness.

Choice C rationale

These therapies will help to loosen our child’s secretions and allow for better expectoration. This statement is correct. The goal of these therapies is to help clear thick, sticky mucus from the lungs, which can improve breathing and reduce the risk of lung infections.

Choice D rationale

These therapies will allow for the removal of mucus from our child’s GI tract that blocks digestion. This statement is incorrect. While cystic fibrosis can affect the digestive system by causing thick mucus to block the tubes that carry digestive enzymes from your pancreas to your small intestine, the therapies mentioned are primarily used to help clear mucus from the lungs.

A. “The medication is a bronchodilator, which opens airways.”. B. “The medication will thin the child’s mucus.”. C. “The medication will reduce wheezing.”. D. “The medication will help with coughing and shortness of breath.”. .

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Albuterol is a bronchodilator, which means it relaxes the muscles around the airways, allowing them to open up, or dilate. This makes it easier for air to get in and out of the lungs, and for mucus to be cleared out of the airways.

Choice B rationale

Albuterol does not thin the mucus. Other medications, such as hypertonic saline or dornase alfa, are used in cystic fibrosis to thin the mucus and make it easier to cough up.

Choice C rationale

By opening the airways, albuterol can help reduce wheezing, a high-pitched whistling sound that occurs when airways are narrowed.

Choice D rationale

Albuterol can help relieve symptoms of asthma, such as coughing and shortness of breath, by relaxing the muscles of the airways and increasing airflow.

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The nurse recognizes that a 4-year-old hospitalized child is exhibiting which characteristic of cognitive development, when the child tells the nurse it’s sad to be at home alone?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The parents of a 7-year-old recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis have received discharge instructions for chest physiotherapy (CPT), use of a flutter valve, and a cough assist machine.Which of the following statements by the parents indicates understanding of the discharge instructions?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child with asthma who is prescribed to use an albuterol inhaler with a spacer. The parents ask how albuterol helps the child’s breathing.Which of the following responses should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

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