The nurse recognizes which of the following tests will confirm the diagnosis of tuberculosis for a client?
Sputum culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculin (PPD) skin test
Acid-fast bacillus smear
Chest X-ray
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason:
A sputum culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the definitive test for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB). This test involves collecting a sputum sample and culturing it to detect the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause TB. It is considered the gold standard for confirming active TB infection.
Choice B reason:
The Tuberculin (PPD) skin test, also known as the Mantoux test, is used to screen for TB infection. It can indicate whether a person has been exposed to TB bacteria, but it cannot confirm active TB disease. A positive result requires further testing, such as a sputum culture, to confirm the diagnosis.
Choice C reason:
An acid-fast bacillus (AFB) smear is a quick test that can detect the presence of mycobacteria in a sputum sample. While it can provide a preliminary indication of TB, it is not definitive. A positive AFB smear must be followed by a sputum culture to confirm the diagnosis.
Choice D reason:
A chest X-ray can show abnormalities in the lungs that are suggestive of TB, such as cavities or infiltrates. However, it cannot confirm the diagnosis on its own. Chest X-rays are used in conjunction with other tests, such as sputum culture and AFB smear, to diagnose TB.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Telling the patient to “try to go as long as possible before you press the button” is not advisable. PCA devices are designed to allow patients to manage their pain effectively by administering medication as soon as they begin to feel discomfort. Delaying the use of the PCA can lead to uncontrolled pain, which can be more difficult to manage later.
Choice B reason:
“Instruct your family or visitors to press the button for you when you are sleeping” is incorrect and potentially dangerous. Only the patient should press the PCA button to ensure that they are receiving the medication when they actually need it. Allowing others to press the button can lead to overmedication and serious side effects.
Choice C reason:
“Push the button every 15 minutes whether you feel pain at that time or not” is also incorrect. PCA devices are intended to be used on an as-needed basis. Pressing the button at regular intervals without experiencing pain can result in unnecessary medication administration and potential overdose.
Choice D reason:
“Push the button when you begin to feel pain, instead of waiting until the pain becomes worse” is the correct instruction. This approach helps to manage pain more effectively by preventing it from becoming severe. Early intervention with pain management can lead to better overall outcomes and patient comfort.
Correct Answer is ["10"]
Explanation
- 125 units of insulin in 250 mL of normal saline
Step 2: Calculate the concentration of insulin per mL.
- Concentration = 125 units ÷ 250 mL
- Concentration = 0.5 units/mL
Step 3: Determine the required rate of insulin administration.
- Ordered dose = 5 units per hour
Step 4: Calculate the IV flow rate.
- Flow rate (mL/hr) = Ordered dose ÷ Concentration
- Flow rate (mL/hr) = 5 units ÷ 0.5 units/mL
- Flow rate (mL/hr) = 10 mL/hr
The nurse should set the IV pump to 10 mL/hr.
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