The nurse teaches the family of an AIDS client about managing symptomatic illness by preventing deteriorating conditions, such as diarrhea, skin breakdown, and inadequate nutrition. Which of the following best describes the action taken by the nurse?
Secondary prevention
Primary prevention
Tertiary prevention.
Primary health care
The Correct Answer is C
A. Secondary prevention: This involves early detection and prompt treatment, such as screening tests- not managing chronic symptoms.
B. Primary prevention: Aims to prevent disease before it occurs (e.g., education, vaccination). The client here already has AIDS.
C. Tertiary prevention: This level of prevention focuses on managing disease complications, preventing deterioration, and improving quality of life — which matches the nurse’s interventions.
D. Primary health care: This refers to a broad entry-level care system, not a level of prevention.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Give antiviral medications to the patient: Medication prescription is not the nurse's legal responsibility; it requires a licensed prescriber.
B. Report the HIV-infected person to the state health department: HIV is a reportable disease in all U.S. states and many other countries. Public health laws require notification to monitor spread and ensure contact tracing.
C. Refer the patient to the social worker for case management: This is a helpful supportive action but not legally required by law.
D. Ask the person to name all his or her sexual contacts: While important for contact tracing, this is voluntary and not a legal requirement for the nurse to enforce.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Set up immunization clinics: This is a public health intervention done post-disaster, not typically a first responder task.
B. Complete a needs assessment of the community: Needs assessments are done later in disaster response or recovery, not in the immediate response phase.
C. Provide all the medical care for disaster victims: This is not realistic or expected of a single nurse; disaster care is a team effort.
D. Assist in triaging disaster victims: Triage is a critical role for nurses in the immediate aftermath of a disaster and falls under the first responder responsibilities.
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