The nurse who is providing instructions to a client with hypertension will stress that it is most important to:
increase calcium in the diet.
obtain blood pressure checks twice a year.
monitor weight on a weekly basis.
get regular physical activity.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Increasing calcium in the diet is not the most important instruction for a client with hypertension. Calcium is a mineral that helps maintain bone health and muscle contraction, but it does not have a significant effect on blood pressure. The nurse should advise the client to limit sodium, fat, and alcohol intake, and to eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Choice B reason: Obtaining blood pressure checks twice a year is not the most important instruction for a client with hypertension. This frequency is too low for a client who has a chronic condition that requires close monitoring and treatment. The nurse should advise the client to check their blood pressure regularly, preferably at home, and to report any abnormal readings to their health care provider.
Choice C reason: Monitoring weight on a weekly basis is not the most important instruction for a client with hypertension. Weight is a factor that can influence blood pressure, but it is not the only one. The nurse should advise the client to maintain a healthy weight and to lose weight if they are overweight or obese, but not to focus on the scale alone.
Choice D reason: Getting regular physical activity is the most important instruction for a client with hypertension. Physical activity can lower blood pressure by strengthening the heart, improving blood circulation, reducing stress, and preventing or managing other risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol. The nurse should advise the client to engage in moderate aerobic exercise for at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week, and to consult their health care provider before starting any new exercise program.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The 68-year-old male who smokes one pack of cigarettes per day is not likely to have folic acid deficiency. Smoking can increase the risk of many health problems, such as lung cancer, heart disease, and stroke, but it does not affect the absorption or metabolism of folic acid. ¹ Folic acid is a type of vitamin B that is essential for the production of red blood cells and DNA. ²
Choice B reason: The 47-year-old male construction foreman who takes atenolol is not likely to have folic acid deficiency. Atenolol is a drug that lowers blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the effects of adrenaline. ³ It does not interfere with the absorption or metabolism of folic acid.
Choice C reason: The 35-year-old female who drinks a glass of wine with dinner is not likely to have folic acid deficiency. Moderate alcohol consumption, defined as one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men, does not affect the absorption or metabolism of folic acid. However, excessive alcohol intake can impair the absorption of folic acid from the intestine and increase its excretion from the urine, leading to folic acid deficiency.
Choice D reason: The 43-year-old female with Crohn's disease is the most likely to have folic acid deficiency. Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the digestive tract, causing symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Crohn's disease can impair the absorption of folic acid from the intestine, especially if the disease affects the small intestine, where most of the folic acid is absorbed. Crohn's disease can also increase the demand for folic acid, as inflammation and tissue damage require more folic acid for repair and regeneration.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a correct answer. A decrease in urination is not a common side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that lowers the blood pressure and relaxes the blood vessels. Amlodipine does not affect the kidney function or the urine output, unless there is an underlying renal problem or a drug interaction. The client should monitor their urination, but not expect a decrease.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer. An increase in lower extremity edema is a common side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine can cause fluid retention and swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet. This is due to the dilation of the blood vessels and the leakage of fluid into the tissues. The client should monitor their weight and the size of their lower extremities, and report any significant changes to their health care provider. The client may also elevate their legs, wear compression stockings, or take diuretics to reduce the edema.
Choice C reason: This is not a correct answer. Tachycardia during exercise is not a common side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine can lower the heart rate and the cardiac output, which can reduce the oxygen demand of the heart. Amlodipine does not cause an increase in the heart rate, unless there is an underlying cardiac problem or a drug interaction. The client should monitor their pulse and blood pressure, but not expect tachycardia.
Choice D reason: This is not a correct answer. An increase in bowel motility is not a common side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine does not affect the gastrointestinal system or the digestion, unless there is an allergic reaction or a drug interaction. Amlodipine can cause some gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, abdominal pain, or constipation, but not an increase in bowel motility. The client should monitor their bowel movements, but not expect an increase.
Choice A reason: This is not a correct answer. A decrease in urination is not a common side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that lowers the blood pressure and relaxes the blood vessels. Amlodipine does not affect the kidney function or the urine output, unless there is an underlying renal problem or a drug interaction. The client should monitor their urination, but not expect a decrease.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer. An increase in lower extremity edema is a common side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine can cause fluid retention and swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet. This is due to the dilation of the blood vessels and the leakage of fluid into the tissues. The client should monitor their weight and the size of their lower extremities, and report any significant changes to their health care provider. The client may also elevate their legs, wear compression stockings, or take diuretics to reduce the edema.
Choice C reason: This is not a correct answer. Tachycardia during exercise is not a common side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine can lower the heart rate and the cardiac output, which can reduce the oxygen demand of the heart. Amlodipine does not cause an increase in the heart rate, unless there is an underlying cardiac problem or a drug interaction. The client should monitor their pulse and blood pressure, but not expect tachycardia.
Choice D reason: This is not a correct answer. An increase in bowel motility is not a common side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine does not affect the gastrointestinal system or the digestion, unless there is an allergic reaction or a drug interaction. Amlodipine can cause some gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, abdominal pain, or constipation, but not an increase in bowel motility. The client should monitor their bowel movements, but not expect an increase.
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