The nurse who works in a diabetes management clinic reviews several research articles to determine if individual or group education is the most effective teaching method for the clinic's clients.
Which study provides the best evidence?
A descriptive study that found a positive link between individual teaching and blood glucose levels.
A qualitative study that interviewed subjects and found that they preferred individual education.
A cost analysis study that determined group education was less costly than individual education.
A randomized controlled trial that concluded individual and group education achieve similar results.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice D rationale:
A randomized controlled trial that concluded individual and group education achieve similar results. Rationale: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard for assessing the effectiveness of interventions. In this case, an RCT concluded that individual and group education achieve similar results, providing strong evidence for decision-making in the diabetes management clinic.
Choice A rationale:
A descriptive study that found a positive link between individual teaching and blood glucose levels. Rationale: Descriptive studies provide valuable information but do not establish causal relationships. A positive link between individual teaching and blood glucose levels may suggest an association but does not necessarily demonstrate effectiveness.
Choice B rationale:
A qualitative study that interviewed subjects and found that they preferred individual education. Rationale: Qualitative studies explore preferences and experiences but do not typically provide evidence of effectiveness in terms of health outcomes or clinical practice.
Choice C rationale:
A cost analysis study that determined group education was less costly than individual education. Rationale: Cost analysis studies focus on economic aspects and cost-effectiveness but may not address clinical effectiveness or outcomes. The best evidence for clinical decision-making typically comes from RCTs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Cronbach's alpha is a measure of internal consistency, not inter-rater reliability. Inter-rater reliability assesses the degree of agreement between different raters or observers, which is not applicable in this context.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. A Cronbach's alpha value of 0.35 indicates poor internal consistency for the instrument. In other words, the items in the tool do not consistently measure the same underlying construct (pain perception). A low alpha value suggests that the items in the instrument may not be reliably measuring the intended concept and that revision may be necessary to improve the tool's consistency.
Choice C rationale:
The statement "The tool will consistently measure pain perception in clients" is not supported by the low Cronbach's alpha value of 0.35. A low alpha suggests that the tool does not demonstrate consistent measurement of pain perception.
Choice D rationale:
Cronbach's alpha does not provide information about the presence of inverse relationships among items on the scale. It assesses internal consistency, which is about the degree to which items on the scale are interrelated and measure the same construct. A low alpha indicates poor internal consistency but does not specifically indicate the presence of inverse relationships.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice B rationale:
Apply for institutional review board (IRB) approval for a study involving human subjects is the most important step before conducting the experimental study. IRB approval is crucial to ensure that the research is conducted ethically, with proper consideration for participant safety and rights. It also assesses the study's design, methods, and consent process to protect participants.
Choice A rationale:
Determining what instruments are available to measure the independent variable is essential but typically follows the IRB approval process. It is part of the research planning and implementation stages.
Choice C rationale:
Obtaining release forms from parents allowing their children to participate in the study is important but is a step that follows IRB approval. Informed consent processes are typically reviewed by the IRB.
Choice D rationale:
Reviewing the literature to determine if other research projects have addressed this issue is valuable but is part of the research planning and background information gathering stage. While it is important, obtaining IRB approval takes precedence as it ensures the ethical conduct of the study.
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