The nurse who works in a diabetes management clinic reviews several research articles to determine if individual or group education is the most effective teaching method for the clinic's clients.
Which study provides the best evidence?
A descriptive study that found a positive link between individual teaching and blood glucose levels.
A qualitative study that interviewed subjects and found that they preferred individual education.
A cost analysis study that determined group education was less costly than individual education.
A randomized controlled trial that concluded individual and group education achieve similar results.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice D rationale:
A randomized controlled trial that concluded individual and group education achieve similar results. Rationale: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard for assessing the effectiveness of interventions. In this case, an RCT concluded that individual and group education achieve similar results, providing strong evidence for decision-making in the diabetes management clinic.
Choice A rationale:
A descriptive study that found a positive link between individual teaching and blood glucose levels. Rationale: Descriptive studies provide valuable information but do not establish causal relationships. A positive link between individual teaching and blood glucose levels may suggest an association but does not necessarily demonstrate effectiveness.
Choice B rationale:
A qualitative study that interviewed subjects and found that they preferred individual education. Rationale: Qualitative studies explore preferences and experiences but do not typically provide evidence of effectiveness in terms of health outcomes or clinical practice.
Choice C rationale:
A cost analysis study that determined group education was less costly than individual education. Rationale: Cost analysis studies focus on economic aspects and cost-effectiveness but may not address clinical effectiveness or outcomes. The best evidence for clinical decision-making typically comes from RCTs.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice C rationale:
Phenomenological study of hardiness of clients with terminal diseases. Rationale: Qualitative research methodologies, such as phenomenology, are often used to explore and understand the lived experiences, perceptions, and meanings that individuals attach to specific phenomena. In this case, a phenomenological study is the most suitable approach to explore the "hardiness" (a subjective and experiential concept) of clients with terminal diseases.
Choice A rationale:
Descriptive study on coping mechanisms employed by family caregivers. Rationale: Descriptive studies typically aim to provide a comprehensive overview or description of a particular phenomenon. While this could involve qualitative data, the focus is on describing rather than deeply exploring subjective experiences, which is more aligned with quantitative methods.
Choice B rationale:
Prospective study on the long-term effects of chronic fatigue syndrome. Rationale: Prospective studies typically involve the collection of quantitative data over time to assess outcomes and relationships. Long-term effects of chronic fatigue syndrome may require quantitative measurements rather than in-depth exploration of experiences.
Choice D rationale:
Epidemiological study regarding AIDS infection rates in a community. Rationale: Epidemiological studies are primarily quantitative and aim to investigate patterns and determinants of disease in populations. This approach does not typically involve qualitative methods.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice B rationale:
Before the study methodology is actually implemented. Rationale: Seeking approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) should occur before the study methodology is implemented. IRB approval is necessary to ensure that the study design and procedures meet ethical standards and protect the rights and well-being of research participants. It's a crucial step in the research process and should be obtained before data collection begins.
Choice A rationale:
During the time that the study assumptions are being described. Rationale: While it's important to describe study assumptions during the planning phase, seeking IRB approval is a more critical step that should precede actual data collection.
Choice C rationale:
Just before the findings are disseminated. Rationale: Waiting until just before findings are disseminated is too late to seek IRB approval. IRB approval should be obtained before data collection begins to ensure that the study is conducted ethically.
Choice D rationale:
As soon as a list of potential research problems is identified. Rationale: Seeking IRB approval at the stage of identifying research problems is premature. IRB approval is typically sought when the research design and methodology are well-defined and ready for implementation.
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