The nurse who works in a diabetes management clinic reviews several research articles to determine if individual or group education is the most effective teaching method for the clinic's clients.
Which study provides the best evidence?
A descriptive study that found a positive link between individual teaching and blood glucose levels.
A qualitative study that interviewed subjects and found that they preferred individual education.
A cost analysis study that determined group education was less costly than individual education.
A randomized controlled trial that concluded individual and group education achieve similar results.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice D rationale:
A randomized controlled trial that concluded individual and group education achieve similar results. Rationale: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard for assessing the effectiveness of interventions. In this case, an RCT concluded that individual and group education achieve similar results, providing strong evidence for decision-making in the diabetes management clinic.
Choice A rationale:
A descriptive study that found a positive link between individual teaching and blood glucose levels. Rationale: Descriptive studies provide valuable information but do not establish causal relationships. A positive link between individual teaching and blood glucose levels may suggest an association but does not necessarily demonstrate effectiveness.
Choice B rationale:
A qualitative study that interviewed subjects and found that they preferred individual education. Rationale: Qualitative studies explore preferences and experiences but do not typically provide evidence of effectiveness in terms of health outcomes or clinical practice.
Choice C rationale:
A cost analysis study that determined group education was less costly than individual education. Rationale: Cost analysis studies focus on economic aspects and cost-effectiveness but may not address clinical effectiveness or outcomes. The best evidence for clinical decision-making typically comes from RCTs.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale:
The data distribution was skewed instead of conformed to a normal curve. Parametric statistics, such as t-tests and ANOVA, assume that the data are normally distributed. When the data distribution is skewed, it violates the assumption of normality, which can affect the validity of parametric tests. Researchers should explain this limitation when reporting the study's findings.
Choice A rationale:
Collecting ratio-level data is not a limitation; in fact, it provides more information and precision than ordinal- or interval-level data.
Choice B rationale:
Finding no statistical significance in the analysis of data is not a limitation in itself but rather a result of the analysis. It may indicate that the study did not find a significant effect, but this is not a limitation of using parametric statistics.
Choice C rationale:
Having a sample considered representative of the population of interest is not a limitation but a strength of the study, as it enhances external validity.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hospital infection committee meeting minutes may provide some information but are unlikely to contain the most current and relevant research findings related to nosocomial infections.
Choice B rationale:
Articles describing findings from peer-reviewed research studies are the most valuable resource for obtaining current and relevant information on nosocomial infections. These studies are rigorously reviewed and provide evidence-based insights.
Choice C rationale:
Best practice recommendations from trusted professional webpages are helpful but may not always reflect the most current research evidence. They are often based on a combination of research findings and expert consensus.
Choice D rationale:
Medical/surgical nursing textbooks, while valuable for foundational knowledge, may not provide the most up-to-date information on nosocomial infections. Textbooks are typically updated less frequently than research articles.
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