The parents of a child, who has had multiple respiratory infections since birth tells the nurse, "when we kiss our child, all we can taste is salt". It would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest to the primary health-care provider that the child be assess for which of the following illnesses?

A. Child Abuse

While the presence of welts might be concerning, it is essential for the nurse to consider cultural practices before labeling the situation as child abuse. In this case, the coin rubbing is described as a cultural practice rather than an abusive act.

B. A cultural practice to rid the body of disease.

This is the correct choice. Coin rubbing, or "coining," is a cultural practice in some traditions, including Vietnamese culture. It is believed to have therapeutic benefits and is used to address health concerns.

C. A child discipline measure common in Asian cultures.

The scenario does not provide evidence that the coin rubbing is a form of discipline. It seems to be described as a traditional health practice rather than a disciplinary measure.

D. A cultural practice to treat temper tantrums.

The scenario does not indicate that the coin rubbing is related to treating temper tantrums. It appears to be described as a health-related cultural practice rather than a disciplinary measure.

A. Use self/parent report, behavioral, and physiological factors

This choice emphasizes a comprehensive approach to pain assessment, considering self-report if the child can communicate, parent report for younger children or those unable to express themselves verbally, and a combination of behavioral and physiological factors. This approach recognizes the multidimensional nature of pain and aims to gather information from various sources for a more accurate assessment.

B. Ask the parents for a pain rating

While parents' input is valuable, relying solely on parental perception may not capture the full picture of the child's pain experience. It's important to consider other aspects, including the child's self-report (if possible) and behavioral and physiological factors.

C. Look for behavioral clues for pain such as crying

Behavioral observation is a crucial component of pain assessment. However, relying solely on crying may overlook subtle cues or variations in how different children express pain. A more comprehensive approach involves considering various behavioral indicators.

D. Use measures of heart rate and respiratory rate

Physiological measures, such as heart rate and respiratory rate, can provide additional information but should not be used in isolation. Physiological responses can vary, and other dimensions of pain assessment, including self-report and behavioral observations, should be considered for a more complete understanding.