The parents of a child who is recovering from chickenpox tell the nurse that they gave the child aspirin for his fever.
The nurse would be alert to the development of which of the following?

Choice A rationale:

Fever is a common side effect of the influenza vaccine (Fluzone). It's not usually a severe adverse reaction and is typically mild and short-lived. Patients should be informed about this potential side effect so they are aware and can take appropriate measures, such as taking antipyretic medications if needed.

Choice B rationale:

Hypotension is not a common adverse reaction to the influenza vaccine. While vaccines can sometimes cause allergic reactions, leading to symptoms like hypotension, this is very rare. Warning about this potential side effect would not be a priority.

Choice C rationale:

Sedation is not a common adverse reaction to the influenza vaccine. In general, the influenza vaccine is not associated with sedation. This side effect is more likely to be associated with medications or treatments other than vaccines.

Choice D rationale:

Constipation is not a common side effect of the influenza vaccine. Gastrointestinal symptoms like constipation are not typically associated with the influenza vaccine. It's important to focus on informing patients about potential side effects that are more likely to occur.

Choice A rationale:

Bacteriostatic. Sulfonamides are a class of antibiotics that work primarily as bacteriostatic agents. They inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria by blocking the synthesis of folic acid, which is essential for bacterial DNA and RNA synthesis. By slowing down bacterial growth, sulfonamides give the body's immune system a chance to eliminate the bacteria. Bacteriostatic antibiotics do not directly kill bacteria but rather impede their ability to multiply. This action is a key characteristic of sulfonamides.

Choice B rationale:

Bactericidal. Sulfonamides are not primarily bactericidal. Bactericidal antibiotics directly kill bacteria by disrupting their cell walls, protein synthesis, or other essential processes. Sulfonamides do not have this direct killing effect. They work by inhibiting folic acid synthesis and, as a result, slowing down bacterial growth. While this can eventually lead to bacterial death, the primary action of sulfonamides is bacteriostatic.

Choice C rationale:

Promotor of folic acid activity. This choice is not accurate. Sulfonamides do not promote folic acid activity; rather, they inhibit it. Sulfonamides are structural analogs of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), a precursor necessary for folic acid synthesis in bacteria. By competing with PABA, sulfonamides disrupt folic acid production in bacteria, ultimately leading to growth inhibition. Therefore, they are not promoters of folic acid activity.

Choice D rationale:

Bacterial cell metabolizer. Sulfonamides do not metabolize bacterial cells. Instead, they interfere with bacterial metabolism by blocking the synthesis of folic acid. This disruption affects the DNA and RNA synthesis of bacteria, which rely on folic acid derivatives. The primary action of sulfonamides is to inhibit this metabolic pathway, not to metabolize bacterial cells.