A nurse is reviewing the signs and symptoms of a fungal superinfection with a client.
The client demonstrates understanding of the information when he identifies which of the following as suggesting a fungal superinfection?

Bloody diarrhea.

Abdominal cramping.

Creamy white patches on the throat.

Heartburn.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Bloody diarrhea is not typically associated with a fungal superinfection. This symptom is more indicative of gastrointestinal issues and may be related to other causes such as infection or inflammatory bowel disease.

Choice B rationale:

Abdominal cramping is also not a typical sign of a fungal superinfection. It is more likely to be associated with gastrointestinal problems, food intolerances, or other conditions.

Choice D rationale:

Heartburn is not a common sign of a fungal superinfection. It is usually associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or other gastrointestinal issues. Creamy white patches on the throat (Choice C) are indicative of oral thrush, a fungal superinfection. This condition is caused by the overgrowth of Candida albicans and is commonly seen in individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those on immunosuppressive therapy or with HIV. It is important to recognize these white patches as they may require treatment with antifungal medications to prevent further complications.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Simethicone is not typically associated with causing heartburn. Its primary function is to relieve gas in the digestive system and alleviate abdominal discomfort.

Choice B rationale:

Simethicone is not known to induce vomiting. It is used to reduce gas in the gastrointestinal tract, and its side effects are generally mild.

Choice C rationale:

Fainting is not a common side effect of simethicone. Simethicone is generally well-tolerated and does not have a significant impact on blood pressure or consciousness.

Choice D rationale:

The nurse should assess the client for the possibility of nausea after administering simethicone. Nausea is a potential side effect of the medication, although it is not very common. Monitoring for this side effect is important to ensure the client's comfort and safety.

A. Macrolides are narrow-spectrum antibiotics. B. Macrolides are contraindicated in clients with renal dysfunction. C. Macrolides may cause hearing impairment. D. Macrolides cannot be used in clients allergic to penicillins.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Macrolides are typically broad-spectrum antibiotics, not narrow-spectrum. They are effective against a wide range of bacteria, making them a valuable option for various infections.

Choice B rationale:

Macrolides are generally well-tolerated, and they are not contraindicated in clients with renal dysfunction. In fact, macrolides like azithromycin are often preferred in such cases due to their minimal renal excretion.

Choice C rationale:

Macrolides, specifically erythromycin, have been associated with ototoxicity, which can lead to hearing impairment. This side effect is relatively rare but can occur, especially with high doses or prolonged use. It's important for healthcare providers to monitor for this potential adverse effect.

Choice D rationale:

Macrolides are often used as an alternative for clients who are allergic to penicillins, so they can be used in this population when appropriate. The cross-reactivity between these drug classes is relatively low, and macrolides can be a suitable choice for penicillin-allergic individuals.

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A nurse is reviewing the signs and symptoms of a fungal superinfection with a client.The client demonstrates understanding of the information when he identifies which of the following as suggesting a fungal superinfection?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is reviewing the signs and symptoms of a fungal superinfection with a client.
The client demonstrates understanding of the information when he identifies which of the following as suggesting a fungal superinfection?