The physician orders Lanoxin elixir 80 mcg po daily for congestive heart failure. How many milliliters will the nurse administer? (LABEL CORRECTLY and Round to tenth)

Choice A reason: A ventricular septal defect allows blood to flow from the left ventricle (higher pressure) to the right ventricle (lower pressure) due to a hole in the septum, causing left-to-right shunting. This is the correct explanation, as it accurately describes the defect’s hemodynamic impact.

Choice B reason: Blood does not flow from the right to the left ventricle in a ventricular septal defect, as left ventricular pressure exceeds right. Shunting is left-to-right, making this incorrect, as it reverses the direction of blood flow caused by the septal defect.

Choice C reason: A ventricular septal defect affects ventricles, not atria, and causes shunting, not complete blood mixing. Atrial mixing occurs in atrial septal defects, making this incorrect, as the nurse should clarify the ventricular location and shunting effect of the defect.

Choice D reason: Blood flow from the left atrium to the right atrium occurs in an atrial septal defect, not a ventricular septal defect, which involves ventricular shunting. This is incorrect, as it misidentifies the defect’s location and hemodynamic consequences in the heart.

Choice A reason: An open wound with serous drainage and pruritus suggests infection or chronic venous insufficiency, requiring attention but not immediate intervention. Pain, pallor, and paresthesia indicate acute ischemia, a more urgent threat in peripheral artery disease, as it risks limb loss, making this a lower priority.

Choice B reason: Pain, pallor, and paresthesia are critical signs of acute limb ischemia in peripheral artery disease, indicating severe arterial occlusion. These “P’s” (part of the 6 P’s) signal tissue hypoxia, requiring immediate intervention to restore blood flow and prevent necrosis or amputation, making this the priority finding.

Choice C reason: Edema, decreased pulses, and cool extremities suggest chronic peripheral artery disease but are less acute than pain, pallor, and paresthesia, which indicate immediate ischemia. While concerning, these findings are more stable, requiring management but not urgent intervention compared to acute ischemic symptoms.

Choice D reason: A murmur, dyspnea, and edema suggest heart failure, not an immediate peripheral artery disease complication. These require evaluation but are less urgent than acute ischemia (pain, pallor, paresthesia), which risks limb loss, making this finding a lower priority for immediate intervention in this context.