The practical nurse (PN) identifies an electrolyte imbalance, an elevated blood pressure, and exhibited changes in mental status for a client with acute kidney injury (AKI). Which intervention in the plan of care should the PN implement?

A. Increase the daily oral fluid intake: Increasing fluid intake is one of the best non-pharmacological strategies to prevent constipation, especially in older adults. Adequate hydration helps soften stool, promotes regular bowel movements, and supports overall digestive health during travel and routine changes.
B. Decrease the fat content in your diet: Reducing dietary fat is more related to managing cardiovascular health rather than preventing constipation. Fats themselves do not contribute significantly to constipation, and this advice would not directly address the client's specific concern.
C. Use an over-the-counter (OTC) stool softener: While stool softeners can be useful, recommending their routine use without first trying dietary and lifestyle modifications is not the best initial approach. Relying on medications can sometimes lead to dependency or mask underlying issues.
D. Eat a high-protein diet: High-protein diets without sufficient fiber and fluids can actually worsen constipation. Protein is important for overall health, but preventing constipation primarily requires fiber intake and adequate hydration rather than increased protein alone.

A. Discuss a low sodium diet: While teaching about a low sodium diet is important in managing fluid balance and hypertension, it is not the immediate intervention needed to address the acute symptoms and risks associated with the client's current condition.
B. Provide only distilled water: Distilled water is not necessary in managing acute kidney injury. Fluid intake management should be based on specific electrolyte and fluid needs, and the focus should be on controlling volume overload rather than the type of water provided.
C. Monitor for dependent pitting edema: Monitoring for pitting edema is critical because it provides immediate information about fluid overload, which is common with acute kidney injury. Assessing for edema provides information about the extent of fluid retention and helps evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at managing fluid balance.
D. Use a cushion when sitting: Using a cushion may improve comfort but does not address the life-threatening complications of electrolyte imbalance, hypertension, and mental status changes associated with acute kidney injury. Priority should be on assessing and managing systemic symptoms.