The registered nurse is caring for a client who had a sudden episode of vomiting, which produced 900 mL of frank blood. The nurse directed and delegated to colleagues in order to notify the physician.
The nurse started intravenous fluids and provided physical and emotional support for the client. Which of the following leadership styles did the nurse display in this situation?
Laissez-faire leadership
Autocratic leadership
Democratic leadership
Transformational leadership
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Laissez-faire leadership involves a hands-off approach, where the leader relinquishes much of the decision-making power to the group. This style is less suitable for time-sensitive, high-stakes situations like the one described in the question, where prompt action and clear direction are crucial.
In this case, the nurse took a more proactive and directive role, which is characteristic of autocratic leadership.
While laissez-faire leadership can be effective in certain contexts, it would not have been the most appropriate approach in this particular situation.
Choice B rationale:
Autocratic leadership is characterized by a strong focus on control and centralized decision-making. The leader typically makes decisions independently and expects followers to comply with instructions.
This style can be effective in situations that require quick action and clear direction, such as emergencies or crises. In the scenario presented, the nurse's actions align with autocratic leadership:
The nurse immediately took charge of the situation, directing colleagues to notify the physician and starting intravenous fluids. These actions demonstrate a clear sense of authority and control, which are key elements of autocratic leadership.
While autocratic leadership can sometimes be perceived as overly controlling, it was necessary in this situation to ensure the client's safety and well-being.
Choice C rationale:
Democratic leadership involves a more collaborative approach, where the leader seeks input from followers and encourages participation in decision-making.
This style can be effective in building consensus and fostering teamwork, but it may not be as efficient in situations that require urgent action.
In this case, the nurse did not have time to engage in extensive consultation or discussion. They needed to act quickly and decisively to address the client's needs.
Therefore, democratic leadership would not have been the most appropriate style in this context.
Choice D rationale:
Transformational leadership focuses on inspiring and motivating followers to achieve common goals. Transformational leaders encourage creativity, innovation, and personal growth.
This style can be effective in promoting long-term organizational change and development.
However, in the immediate crisis situation described in the question, the nurse's primary focus was on addressing the client's immediate needs, rather than on fostering long-term change or transformation.
Therefore, transformational leadership would not have been the most suitable style for this particular scenario.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Immobility: A bed-bound client is at the highest risk for pressure ulcer development due to prolonged pressure on bony prominences. The lack of movement prevents adequate blood flow to the tissues, leading to ischemia and tissue breakdown.
Age: Older adults have thinner, more fragile skin that is more susceptible to injury. They also have decreased subcutaneous fat, which provides less cushioning for bony prominences.
Nutritional status: Malnutrition is a significant risk factor for pressure ulcers, as it impairs wound healing and tissue repair. Incontinence: Urinary and fecal incontinence can irritate the skin and increase the risk of breakdown.
Chronic medical conditions: Many chronic medical conditions, such as diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, and neurological disorders, can impair blood flow and sensation, further increasing the risk of pressure ulcers.
Choice B rationale:
Mobility: A client who uses a cane is still able to ambulate, which helps to redistribute pressure and reduce the risk of pressure ulcers.
Age: While a 75-year-old client is still considered an older adult, they are less likely to be at risk than a bed-bound client.
Choice C rationale:
Mobility: A client who uses a walker is able to ambulate, although their mobility may be limited. This still helps to reduce the risk of pressure ulcers compared to a bed-bound client.
Age: A 92-year-old client is at a higher risk due to their age, but their mobility helps to mitigate this risk. Choice D rationale:
Mobility: A mobile client is at the lowest risk for pressure ulcer development, as they are able to frequently reposition themselves and relieve pressure on bony prominences.
Age: While an 83-year-old client is still considered an older adult, their mobility significantly reduces their risk.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Administering pre-operative medications does not address the client's expressed desire regarding resuscitation. It is a necessary step in preparing the client for surgery, but it does not directly relate to their preferences for end-of-life care.
Fulfilling this task does not ensure that the client's wishes are communicated to the appropriate healthcare providers, potentially leading to unwanted resuscitative efforts if the client's condition deteriorates during surgery.
It is crucial for the nurse to prioritize the client's autonomy and right to self-determination regarding their healthcare choices.
Choice B rationale:
Informing the physician after the surgery is complete is not timely and could result in the client's wishes not being respected.
The physician needs to be aware of the client's resuscitation preferences before the procedure begins to ensure that care aligns with their wishes.
Delaying communication could lead to ethical and legal dilemmas if resuscitation is attempted against the client's expressed desires.
Choice C rationale:
This is the most appropriate action because it directly addresses the client's concerns and ensures that their wishes are documented and communicated effectively.
Having a clear conversation with the client allows for exploration of their understanding of resuscitation and any potential concerns or questions they may have.
Recording the client's wishes in their medical record provides a clear record for all healthcare providers involved in their care, promoting consistency and respect for their autonomy.
Choice D rationale:
While verbally communicating the client's wishes to the operating room supervisor is important, it is not sufficient on its own.
Written documentation in the medical record is essential to ensure that the information is accurately conveyed to all members of the healthcare team and accessible throughout the client's care journey.
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