The release of insulin is caused by:
Increased lipid breakdown
Decreased blood glucose level
Increased protein breakdown
Increased blood glucose level
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Increased lipid breakdown does not directly cause the release of insulin. Insulin is a hormone that facilitates glucose uptake by cells and helps regulate blood sugar levels. Lipid metabolism is primarily regulated by other mechanisms and hormones, such as glucagon and epinephrine.
Choice B reason: Decreased blood glucose level would not stimulate insulin release. In fact, low blood glucose levels would signal the pancreas to reduce insulin secretion. Instead, glucagon would be released to increase blood glucose levels by stimulating the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
Choice C reason: Increased protein breakdown does not directly trigger the release of insulin. Protein metabolism involves amino acids and other metabolic pathways, but insulin release is primarily regulated by blood glucose levels.
Choice D reason: The release of insulin is caused by increased blood glucose levels. When blood glucose levels rise, such as after eating a meal, the beta cells in the pancreas secrete insulin to help cells absorb glucose from the bloodstream, thereby lowering blood glucose levels and maintaining homeostasis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and typically resolves after childbirth. It is not typically associated with Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketoic (HHNK) Syndrome, which is a specific complication of type 2 diabetes.
Choice B reason: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance and high blood glucose levels. HHNK is a serious acute complication of type 2 diabetes, occurring when blood glucose levels become extremely high, leading to severe dehydration and hyperosmolarity without significant ketoacidosis. This condition requires immediate medical attention.
Choice C reason: While both type 1 and type 2 diabetes involve issues with blood glucose regulation, HHNK is specifically associated with type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes complications more commonly include Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), rather than HHNK.
Choice D reason: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels. However, the primary acute complication of type 1 diabetes is Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), not HHNK. HHNK is distinct to type 2 diabetes, where insulin resistance leads to extremely high blood glucose levels and severe dehydration.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Type 2 diabetes is primarily characterized by insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin. This means that glucose cannot enter the cells efficiently, leading to high blood sugar levels. Additionally, there may be a suboptimal amount of insulin produced by the pancreas. Together, these factors contribute to the development and progression of type 2 diabetes.
Choice B reason: While individuals with type 2 diabetes are at a higher risk for infections due to high blood sugar levels affecting immune function, infection itself is not the root cause of type 2 diabetes. The primary issue in type 2 diabetes is insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production.
Choice C reason: White blood cells (WBC) play a key role in the immune system. Type 2 diabetes does not primarily arise from issues with WBCs. However, high blood sugar levels can impair the function of WBCs, increasing the risk of infections in diabetic individuals.
Choice D reason: Red blood cells (RBC) are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. Type 2 diabetes is not directly related to problems with RBCs. Instead, it is an issue with insulin and blood sugar regulation. While high blood sugar can affect various body functions, the primary problem lies in insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production.
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