The signs and symptoms (S&S) of respiratory failure may be identified in the patient who has a(n):
expiratory wheeze; PCO₂ 36
respiratory rate of 42; SO₂ 79%
respiratory rate of 24; pH 7.46
barking cough; PO₂ 90
The Correct Answer is B
A. An expiratory wheeze with a PCO₂ of 36 (within normal range) does not typically indicate respiratory failure.
B. A respiratory rate of 42 and a low oxygen saturation (SO₂) of 79% indicate hypoxemia and respiratory distress, which are hallmarks of respiratory failure.
C. A respiratory rate of 24 with a pH of 7.46 suggests mild hyperventilation or anxiety rather than respiratory failure.
D. A barking cough and a PO₂ of 90 are not indicative of respiratory failure; PO₂ of 90 is within normal limits.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chronic bronchitis leads to airway obstruction due to thickened bronchial walls and excess mucus production, resulting in entrapped air and impaired gas exchange.
B. While chronic inflammation is a component, thin secretions are not characteristic of chronic bronchitis; they are typically thick.
C. Decreased surface area of the alveolocapillary membrane is more relevant in emphysema, not specifically in chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways.
D. Respiratory alkalosis and decreased PCO2 are not indicative of chronic bronchitis; instead, respiratory acidosis is often seen due to airway obstruction and retention of CO2.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor in the RAAS, which leads to decreased blood pressure by promoting vasodilation.
B. The RAAS is primarily a vasoconstrictive system, and ACE inhibitors reduce this vasoconstriction, not vasodilation.
C. ACE inhibitors do not directly affect the inotropic (force of contraction) effects of the SNS; they work on the RAAS.
D. While natriuretic peptides help regulate fluid balance, ACE inhibitors do not directly impact this system.
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