There is a baby in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who is exhibiting signs of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Which of the following medications are contraindicated for this neonate?
Narcan.
Phenobarbital.
Methadone.
Morphine.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Narcan (naloxone) is contraindicated as it can precipitate acute withdrawal symptoms in neonates exposed to opioids in utero, leading to seizures and severe distress due to sudden opioid receptor blockade.
Choice B rationale
Phenobarbital is used to manage neonatal abstinence syndrome by reducing central nervous system hyperexcitability and seizures. It is not contraindicated as it provides symptomatic relief for withdrawal symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Methadone is used to treat neonatal abstinence syndrome by stabilizing opioid levels and preventing withdrawal symptoms. It is not contraindicated and helps manage symptoms effectively in opioid-exposed neonates.
Choice D rationale
Morphine is a first-line treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome, reducing withdrawal symptoms by mimicking the effects of opioids. It is not contraindicated and is commonly used in neonatal care.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Magnesium sulfate is primarily used for seizure prophylaxis in preeclampsia or eclampsia. It does not manage hemorrhagic conditions or uterine atony effectively, making it unsuitable for controlling postpartum hemorrhage.
Choice B rationale
Hemabate or Tranexamic Acid (TXA) addresses postpartum hemorrhage by promoting uterine contraction or inhibiting fibrinolysis. Hemabate is a prostaglandin, while TXA is an antifibrinolytic, both effective in hemorrhagic control.
Choice C rationale
Methergine (methylergonovine) induces uterine contraction to manage postpartum hemorrhage effectively but is contraindicated in hypertensive patients due to the risk of exacerbating hypertension or inducing stroke.
Choice D rationale
Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertensive disorders or preterm labor. It has no role in treating postpartum hemorrhage or enhancing uterine tone in such cases.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Preterm infants lack coordination for sucking, swallowing, and breathing until approximately 32-34 weeks' gestation. Gavage feeding prevents aspiration by bypassing the immature oral motor mechanisms required for safe oral feeding.
Choice B rationale
Preterm infants can digest milk due to functional gastrointestinal enzymes. Digestive immaturity relates more to delayed gastric emptying rather than the inability to process nutrients, which is managed with small frequent feeds.
Choice C rationale
Monitoring intake is crucial for growth and hydration, but gavage feeding primarily addresses feeding immaturity, not intake measurement. Accurate intake can be monitored through oral feeds with supplemental measurements.
Choice D rationale
Gavage feeding does not directly prevent thrush. Thrush prevention involves oral hygiene and immune support rather than feeding methods, as thrush may still occur regardless of tube feeding or oral intake.
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