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Tiny Trula has a very short stature. Which of the following would not be suspected of being imbalanced?

A.

growth hormone

B.

thyroid hormone

C.

sex hormones

D.

calcitonin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. growth hormone
Deficiency in GH during childhood leads to dwarfism or delayed growth, so it’s definitely a suspect in short stature.

B. thyroid hormone
Thyroid hormone plays a critical role in metabolism and skeletal growth. Its deficiency can cause growth delays.

C. sex hormones
Estrogen and testosterone influence growth plate closure and stimulate growth during puberty. Imbalance can lead to short stature or delayed puberty.

D. calcitonin
Calcitonin helps regulate calcium levels, but it has a minor role in growth. Deficiency or excess does not cause short stature.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. occurs constantly during a person's lifetime
Bone is a dynamic tissue. Remodeling occurs throughout life to adapt to stress, repair microfractures, and regulate calcium levels.

B. is involved in Na⁺ regulation
Bone remodeling primarily involves calcium and phosphate regulation, not sodium.

C. only occurs after a bone has been broken and is healing
Remodeling happens continuously, not just after fractures. Healing is one scenario, but it's not exclusive.

D. does not occur when bones adjust to particular stresses
False. One of the main purposes of remodeling is to adapt to mechanical stress (e.g., weightlifting increases bone density).

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. arrector pili muscles; skeletal
Arrector pili muscles are not voluntary, and skeletal muscle is under voluntary control.

B. apocrine pili muscles; smooth
“Apocrine pili” is not a valid term. Apocrine glands are sweat glands, not muscles.

C. arrector pili muscles; cardiac
Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart and is not associated with skin or hair.

D. arrector pili muscles; smooth
These small involuntary muscles are attached to hair follicles and made of smooth muscle, which contracts to produce goosebumps (piloerection) in response to cold or emotional stimuli.

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