________ tonsils are the largest, and their surgical removal (tonsillectomy) used to be one of the most common surgical procedures performed in children.
Adenoid.
Lingual.
Palatine.
Pharyngeal.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Adenoid tonsils, also known as pharyngeal tonsils, are located in the nasopharynx. While they can become enlarged and necessitate removal, they are not typically referred to as the "largest" and their removal is termed adenoidectomy, not tonsillectomy in general.
Choice B rationale
Lingual tonsils are located at the base of the tongue. They are much smaller than palatine tonsils and their removal is less common compared to palatine tonsillectomy. Their anatomical position differs significantly from the most commonly removed tonsils.
Choice C rationale
Palatine tonsils are situated on either side of the oropharynx, between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches. They are the largest of the tonsils and, due to their size and propensity for recurrent infections, historically were the most common tonsils removed in tonsillectomy procedures.
Choice D rationale
Pharyngeal tonsils, also known as adenoids, are located in the nasopharynx. They are distinct from the palatine tonsils and, while important lymphoid tissues, are not generally considered the largest or the primary target of a "tonsillectomy" in the historical context.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The kidney is not traditionally classified as a primary endocrine gland because its main function is waste filtration and fluid balance. However, it plays a significant endocrine role by producing erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell production, and renin, which is crucial for blood pressure regulation via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Choice B rationale
The pancreas is a dual-function gland, possessing both exocrine (digestive enzymes) and endocrine (insulin, glucagon, somatostatin) functions. Its endocrine role involves regulating blood glucose levels, making it a primary endocrine gland.
Choice C rationale
The thyroid gland is a classic endocrine gland that produces thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), vital for regulating metabolism, growth, and development. It is directly regulated by TSH from the pituitary gland.
Choice D rationale
The parathyroid glands are endocrine glands located near the thyroid, primarily responsible for secreting parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphate homeostasis in the blood.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Positive feedback mechanisms amplify the initial stimulus, leading to an increased response. While important in certain physiological processes like childbirth (oxytocin release) or blood clotting, it is less common for target organs to regulate pituitary function through this method, as it can lead to instability.
Choice B rationale
Negative feedback is the predominant mechanism by which target organs regulate pituitary function. High levels of target gland hormones inhibit the release of stimulating hormones from the pituitary and hypothalamus, thus maintaining hormonal homeostasis and preventing overproduction or underproduction.
Choice C rationale
Neural stimulation involves direct nerve impulses influencing hormone release, as seen in the adrenal medulla's response to sympathetic nervous system activation. While the hypothalamus has neural connections to the pituitary, direct neural stimulation from target organs is not the primary regulatory mechanism for pituitary control.
Choice D rationale
Direct hormonal release from target organs without involving feedback loops would result in unregulated hormone secretion, disrupting endocrine balance. Target organs typically release hormones that, in turn, exert feedback effects on the pituitary or hypothalamus, ensuring precise control and preventing dysregulation.
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