Type 1 diabetes exhibits:
Genetic or environmental influence, but resistance to insulin.
Absolute deficit in insulin.
Genetic or environmental influence, but produce some insulin.
Resistance to insulin as well as no insulin production.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. It is not primarily marked by insulin resistance, which is more characteristic of type 2 diabetes. The genetic and environmental factors in type 1 diabetes lead to a lack of insulin production, rather than resistance.
Choice B reason: In type 1 diabetes, there is an absolute deficit in insulin production. This is because the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, individuals with type 1 diabetes require exogenous insulin to manage their blood glucose levels.
Choice C reason: While type 1 diabetes has genetic and environmental influences, the condition results in an inability to produce insulin rather than partial insulin production. The autoimmune response in type 1 diabetes leads to the destruction of almost all beta cells, resulting in an absolute deficit of insulin.
Choice D reason: Type 1 diabetes does not typically exhibit both insulin resistance and no insulin production. While some individuals with type 1 diabetes may develop insulin resistance over time (a condition known as "double diabetes"), the hallmark feature of type 1 diabetes is the absolute deficiency of insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hepatic tumors, or liver tumors, are not the most common type of cancer in children. While they can occur, they are relatively rare compared to other types of childhood cancers.
Choice B reason: Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that primarily affects children and young adults. However, it is not the most common type of cancer in children. Osteosarcoma typically occurs in the bones around the knee and upper arm.
Choice C reason: Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in children. It affects the blood and bone marrow and can cause symptoms such as fatigue, easy bruising, and frequent infections. There are different types of leukemia, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) being the most common in children.
Choice D reason: Brain tumors are the second most common type of cancer in children, but they are not as prevalent as leukemia. Brain tumors can cause symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and vision problems.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The neck is the most common site where individuals with Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) present with nontender enlarged lymph nodes. These lymph nodes are typically firm and rubbery in texture. The cervical lymph nodes are often affected first in HL, making the neck a primary area of concern for this type of lymphoma. Early detection and biopsy of these lymph nodes can help in diagnosing HL.
Choice B reason: While the abdomen can be involved in Hodgkin Lymphoma, it is not the most common initial presentation site. Involvement of the abdominal lymph nodes typically occurs at later stages of the disease. Enlarged lymph nodes in the abdomen can be detected through imaging studies but are less accessible for physical examination compared to those in the neck.
Choice C reason: The kidney is not a typical site for lymph node involvement in Hodgkin Lymphoma. HL primarily affects the lymphatic system, including lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphoid tissues. Direct involvement of the kidney is rare and usually occurs in advanced stages of the disease.
Choice D reason: The spleen is a lymphoid organ that can be involved in Hodgkin Lymphoma, especially in more advanced stages. However, it is not the primary site where nontender enlarged lymph nodes are first detected. Enlargement of the spleen (splenomegaly) can occur due to the spread of HL, but the initial presentation is usually in the lymph nodes of the neck.
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