What action should a nurse implement to prevent complications in a patient with hepatitis who has been prescribed bed rest?
Encourage turning, coughing, and deep breathing every 2 hours.
Raise the knee gatch to prevent the patient from sliding down in bed.
Provide undisturbed periods of 6 hours to encourage rest.
Restrict fluids.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Encourage turning, coughing, and deep breathing every 2 hours: Bed rest increases the risk of respiratory complications like atelectasis and pneumonia, so encouraging turning, coughing, and deep breathing helps prevent these complications by improving lung ventilation.
B. Raise the knee gatch to prevent the patient from sliding down in bed: While this may help position the patient, it is not the priority action to prevent complications related to bed rest and hepatitis.
C. Provide undisturbed periods of 6 hours to encourage rest: While rest is important, prolonged periods without movement can lead to complications like pneumonia or pressure ulcers. Movement should still be encouraged.
D. Restrict fluids: Fluid restriction is not necessary for most hepatitis patients unless there are specific complications like ascites or severe edema. Fluid intake should generally be encouraged to prevent dehydration.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Flush the tube: Flushing the tube before administering a feeding ensures that the tube is patent and free of blockages, which helps prevent aspiration or feeding tube complications.
B. Roll the patient flat: Rolling the patient flat is not necessary for administering a tube feeding, as most feeding tubes are positioned with the head of the bed elevated to reduce the risk of aspiration.
C. Check for a residual formula and return the residual to his or her stomach: While checking for residuals is important for assessing gastric emptying and tolerance to the feeding, it is not the first action before starting the feeding.
D. Place the end of the tube in water and check for bubbles: This action is used to check the placement of the tube (i.e., confirming it is in the stomach or intestine), but it’s not directly related to the initial steps before administering a feeding.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Poor appetite and therefore poor protein intake: While poor appetite can occur in hepatitis, it is not directly related to pruritus.
B. Altered urinary output of bile: Hepatitis affects liver function, but pruritus is not caused by changes in urinary output of bile.
C. Decreased fat intake: Decreased fat intake does not directly lead to pruritus in hepatitis.
D. Accumulation of bile salts under the skin: In hepatitis, liver dysfunction impairs the excretion of bile salts, leading to their accumulation in the skin, which causes pruritus (itching).
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