What are clinical manifestations of hyponatremia?
Gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea
Gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and constipation
Neurological symptoms such as confusion, imitability, or lethargy
Neurological symptoms such as numbness and tingling of the hands and feet
The Correct Answer is C
A. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea: These symptoms are not specific to hyponatremia and can be seen in various conditions.
B. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and constipation: Constipation is not typically associated with hyponatremia.
C. Neurological symptoms such as confusion, irritability, or lethargy: Hyponatremia, which is low sodium levels in the blood, often leads to neurological symptoms like confusion, irritability, lethargy, seizures, and in severe cases, coma, due to the effect of low sodium on brain cells.
D. Neurological symptoms such as numbness and tingling of the hands and feet: Numbness and tingling are more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances such as hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia, rather than hyponatremia.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Low urine output is typically a sign of fluid volume deficit or impaired kidney function, not fluid volume excess.
B. Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, which is a sign of fluid volume excess, often seen in conditions like liver cirrhosis.
C. Weight loss is usually associated with fluid volume deficit, not excess.
D. Poor skin turgor is an indicator of dehydration or fluid volume deficit, not excess.
Correct Answer is ["A","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Severe tantrums: Children with ND-PAE often exhibit severe behavioral issues, including tantrums, due to difficulties with emotional regulation.
B. Frequent nausea: Nausea is not a typical symptom associated with ND-PAE.
C. Difficulty hearing sounds in a crowded room: Children with ND-PAE typically have difficulties with social interactions, mood regulation, and behavior. Whiledifficulty hearing sounds in a crowded roomcan be a challenge for some children, it is not a primary characteristic of ND-PAE. The main issues are more related to behavioral and social difficulties, such as severe tantrums, mood issues, and difficulty playing with other children.
D. Spina bifida: Spina bifida is a neural tube defect and is not directly associated with ND-PAE, although prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to various neurodevelopmental disorders.
E. Mood issues such as irritability: Mood instability, including irritability, is a common issue in children with ND-PAE, often linked to the neurological impact of prenatal alcohol exposure.
F. Difficulty playing with other children: Social difficulties, including challenges in interacting with peers, are often observed in children with ND-PAE due to impaired social cognition and behavior.
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