Which statement characterizes acute glomerulonephritis?
Calculi form in the kidney and potentially travel into the ureter.
Antigen-antibody complexes cause nephron dysfunction.
Bacteria invade and grow in the urethra.
The renal pelvis and interstitium become infected.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Calculi form in the kidney and potentially travel into the ureter: This describes nephrolithiasis (kidney stones), not glomerulonephritis.
B. Antigen-antibody complexes cause nephron dysfunction: Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by the deposition of antigen-antibody complexes in the glomeruli, leading to inflammation and impaired kidney function. This can result from infections, autoimmune diseases, or other causes.
C. Bacteria invade and grow in the urethra: This describes a urinary tract infection (UTI), not glomerulonephritis.
D. The renal pelvis and interstitium become infected: This describes pyelonephritis, not glomerulonephritis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Low urine output is typically a sign of fluid volume deficit or impaired kidney function, not fluid volume excess.
B. Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, which is a sign of fluid volume excess, often seen in conditions like liver cirrhosis.
C. Weight loss is usually associated with fluid volume deficit, not excess.
D. Poor skin turgor is an indicator of dehydration or fluid volume deficit, not excess.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bladder cancer: The presence of malignant epithelial cells in the urinalysis and the scheduled transurethral resection are indicative of bladder cancer. Bladder cancer often presents with symptoms such as urinary retention, nocturia, and chronic cystitis, especially in older adults and those with risk factors like nicotine dependence.
B. Bladder adenoma: This is less common and typically benign, not associated with malignant epithelial cells.
C. Renal cell carcinoma: This affects the kidneys, not the bladder.
D. Renal epithelial cell cancer: This term is less specific and typically refers to cancers of the renal parenchyma, not the bladder.
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