Which statement characterizes acute glomerulonephritis?
Calculi form in the kidney and potentially travel into the ureter.
Antigen-antibody complexes cause nephron dysfunction.
Bacteria invade and grow in the urethra.
The renal pelvis and interstitium become infected.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Calculi form in the kidney and potentially travel into the ureter: This describes nephrolithiasis (kidney stones), not glomerulonephritis.
B. Antigen-antibody complexes cause nephron dysfunction: Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by the deposition of antigen-antibody complexes in the glomeruli, leading to inflammation and impaired kidney function. This can result from infections, autoimmune diseases, or other causes.
C. Bacteria invade and grow in the urethra: This describes a urinary tract infection (UTI), not glomerulonephritis.
D. The renal pelvis and interstitium become infected: This describes pyelonephritis, not glomerulonephritis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Severe tantrums: Children with ND-PAE often exhibit severe behavioral issues, including tantrums, due to difficulties with emotional regulation.
B. Frequent nausea: Nausea is not a typical symptom associated with ND-PAE.
C. Difficulty hearing sounds in a crowded room: Children with ND-PAE typically have difficulties with social interactions, mood regulation, and behavior. Whiledifficulty hearing sounds in a crowded roomcan be a challenge for some children, it is not a primary characteristic of ND-PAE. The main issues are more related to behavioral and social difficulties, such as severe tantrums, mood issues, and difficulty playing with other children.
D. Spina bifida: Spina bifida is a neural tube defect and is not directly associated with ND-PAE, although prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to various neurodevelopmental disorders.
E. Mood issues such as irritability: Mood instability, including irritability, is a common issue in children with ND-PAE, often linked to the neurological impact of prenatal alcohol exposure.
F. Difficulty playing with other children: Social difficulties, including challenges in interacting with peers, are often observed in children with ND-PAE due to impaired social cognition and behavior.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Aortic valve regurgitation: This condition involves the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle, not the left atrium.
B. Mitral valve regurgitation occurs when the mitral valve does not close properly, allowing blood to flow back from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole.
C. Mitral valve stenosis involves the narrowing of the mitral valve, restricting blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, but does not involve backflow into the left atrium.
D. Aortic valve stenosis is the narrowing of the aortic valve, which restricts blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta, not back into the atrium.
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