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What are known triggers for vaso-occlusive crises, such as Sickle Cell Disease?

Alkalosis and insomnia

Reduced stress and warm environmental temperature

Acidosis and dehydration

High fat diet and hyperoxia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Alkalosis and insomnia:

Alkalosis does not trigger sickling; acidosis (low pH) is more harmful. Insomnia alone is not a direct trigger.

B. Reduced stress and warm environmental temperature:

Reduced stress and warmth help prevent crises rather than cause them.

C. Acidosis and dehydration:

Acidosis promotes sickling of RBCs, and dehydration increases blood viscosity, both triggering vaso-occlusive crises.

D. High fat diet and hyperoxia:

A high-fat diet is linked to cardiovascular disease, and hyperoxia (excess oxygen) is not a trigger for sickling.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Endometriosis:

Endometriosis causes chronic pelvic pain but doesn't typically present with purulent discharge, fever, or foul-smelling discharge.

B. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID):

PID is an infection of the reproductive organs, often caused by untreated sexually transmitted infections. Symptoms like acute pelvic pain, fever, purulent vaginal discharge, and rebound pain are characteristic of PID.

C. Uterine leiomyomas:

Leiomyomas (fibroids) can cause pelvic pain but are not associated with infection, fever, or purulent discharge.

D. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS):

PCOS does not cause acute infection-like symptoms (fever, purulent discharge) as seen in PID.

A. Bladder B. Testicular C. Prostatic D. Urethral

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Bladder cancer:

Bladder cancer is treated through surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation, but not by "chemical castration."

B. Testicular cancer:

While testicular cancer may involve treatments that affect hormones, chemical castration is typically not a treatment for testicular cancer.

C. Prostatic cancer:

Prostatic cancer (prostate cancer) is often treated with chemical castration (using medications such as LHRH agonists or anti-androgens) to reduce testosterone levels and slow tumor growth.

D. Urethral cancer:

Urethral cancer is rare and treated with surgery or chemotherapy, not chemical castration.

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What are known triggers for vaso-occlusive crises, such as Sickle Cell Disease?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient's record indicates the following signs and symptoms: acute and sudden pelvic pain, a purulent and foul-smelling vaginal discharge, fever, sexual dysfunction, metrorrhea, and rebound pain Which condition is this patient showing signs and symptoms of?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which type of cancer may be treated with what is commonly referred to as "chemical castration"?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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