Which accurately describes a chromosomal alteration?
Hypertension is always linked to the Y chromosome and environmental factors.
Turner's syndrome is a disorder in which a female has a completely or partially missing X chromosome.
Type 2 DM (T2DM) is caused by family history, behavior, and other factors.
Y chromosome as hemophilia is associated with the X chromosome.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hypertension is always linked to the Y chromosome and environmental factors:
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease, influenced by genetics and environment, but it is not linked specifically to the Y chromosome.
B. Turner's syndrome is a disorder in which a female has a completely or partially missing X chromosome:
Turner's syndrome (45, X) is a chromosomal disorder where females are missing all or part of one X chromosome, leading to various physical and developmental features.
C. Type 2 DM (T2DM) is caused by family history, behavior, and other factors:
While this is true, Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disease, not a chromosomal alteration.
D. Y chromosome as hemophilia is associated with the X chromosome:
Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder, not Y-linked. It is passed through the X chromosome, typically affecting males.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Bladder cancer:
Bladder cancer is treated through surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation, but not by "chemical castration."
B. Testicular cancer:
While testicular cancer may involve treatments that affect hormones, chemical castration is typically not a treatment for testicular cancer.
C. Prostatic cancer:
Prostatic cancer (prostate cancer) is often treated with chemical castration (using medications such as LHRH agonists or anti-androgens) to reduce testosterone levels and slow tumor growth.
D. Urethral cancer:
Urethral cancer is rare and treated with surgery or chemotherapy, not chemical castration.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The kidney senses decreased perfusion:
This occurs earlier in the RAAS sequence, triggering the release of renin — not the immediate next step after angiotensin I is produced.
B. Renin is released and cleaves angiotensinogen:
This precedes the production of angiotensin I, not after.
C. Blood volume is raised and blood pressure is increased:
This is the final result of RAAS activation, not the step immediately following angiotensin I production.
D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme helps to produce angiotensin II in the lungs and to stimulate the adrenal gland to release aldosterone:
After angiotensin I is produced, it travels to the lungs where ACE converts it into angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that also triggers aldosterone release.
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