Which describes the function of diffusion?
It is the process by which a substance requires energy to pass through a membrane against a concentration gradient
It is the process by which solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one
It is the process by which molecules move from high-concentration areas to low-concentration areas.
It is the process by which certain molecules pass through the plasma membrane with the help of carrier proteins.
The Correct Answer is C
A. It is the process by which a substance requires energy to pass through a membrane against a concentration gradient:
This describes active transport, not diffusion. Active transport requires ATP to move substances against their gradient.
B. It is the process by which solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one:
This describes osmosis, not diffusion. Osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water.
C. It is the process by which molecules move from high-concentration areas to low-concentration areas:
This correctly defines diffusion - the passive movement of molecules down their concentration gradient.
D. It is the process by which certain molecules pass through the plasma membrane with the help of carrier proteins:
This describes facilitated diffusion, which still moves substances down their gradient but requires a protein carrier.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. There is no known safe level of alcohol use during pregnancy or when trying to get pregnant:
Research has shown that any alcohol consumption during pregnancy can potentially cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). There is no safe amount.
B. Alcohol prior to conception cannot impact the fetus:
Alcohol use prior to conception can affect fertility and early embryonic development, especially since many pregnancies are unrecognized during early stages.
C. Alcohol exposure is most dangerous during the last trimester:
All trimesters are critical, but the first trimester is often considered the most vulnerable for teratogenic effects, especially for organ formation.
D. Fetal alcohol exposure increases the likelihood of twins or other multiples:
Alcohol exposure does not increase the likelihood of multiple births; it causes developmental abnormalities.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cerebral aneurysm:
A cerebral aneurysm involves a bulging blood vessel in the brain, which could lead to rupture and bleeding. It is not associated with tremors or bradykinesia.
B. Multiple sclerosis:
MS involves demyelination causing muscle weakness and visual disturbances, but not primarily tremors and bradykinesia.
C. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS):
ALS affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, but does not typically present with tremors or benefit from deep brain stimulation.
D. Parkinson disease:
Parkinson disease features tremors, bradykinesia (slow movements), and abnormal gait. Deep brain stimulation is an advanced therapy for symptom management in Parkinson’s.
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