Which describes the function of diffusion?
It is the process by which a substance requires energy to pass through a membrane against a concentration gradient
It is the process by which solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one
It is the process by which molecules move from high-concentration areas to low-concentration areas.
It is the process by which certain molecules pass through the plasma membrane with the help of carrier proteins.
The Correct Answer is C
A. It is the process by which a substance requires energy to pass through a membrane against a concentration gradient:
This describes active transport, not diffusion. Active transport requires ATP to move substances against their gradient.
B. It is the process by which solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one:
This describes osmosis, not diffusion. Osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water.
C. It is the process by which molecules move from high-concentration areas to low-concentration areas:
This correctly defines diffusion - the passive movement of molecules down their concentration gradient.
D. It is the process by which certain molecules pass through the plasma membrane with the help of carrier proteins:
This describes facilitated diffusion, which still moves substances down their gradient but requires a protein carrier.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The kidney senses decreased perfusion:
This occurs earlier in the RAAS sequence, triggering the release of renin — not the immediate next step after angiotensin I is produced.
B. Renin is released and cleaves angiotensinogen:
This precedes the production of angiotensin I, not after.
C. Blood volume is raised and blood pressure is increased:
This is the final result of RAAS activation, not the step immediately following angiotensin I production.
D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme helps to produce angiotensin II in the lungs and to stimulate the adrenal gland to release aldosterone:
After angiotensin I is produced, it travels to the lungs where ACE converts it into angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that also triggers aldosterone release.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease):
GERD causes heartburn and regurgitation, not RLQ pain or diarrhea.
B. Crohn disease:
Crohn's disease (regional enteritis) causes chronic inflammation that can affect any part of the GI tract, often terminal ileum (RLQ pain), with diarrhea and weight loss.
C. Peptic ulcers:
Peptic ulcers cause epigastric pain, typically related to meals, not chronic RLQ pain or diarrhea.
D. Pancreatitis:
Pancreatitis causes epigastric pain radiating to the back, not right lower quadrant pain or chronic diarrhea.
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