A patient has tremors, bradykinesia, and abnormal gait. The patient is taking anticholinergics; however, the symptoms are aggravated. A neurologist treats the patient with deep brain stimulation. Which condition is being described?
Cerebral aneurysm
Multiple sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Parkinson disease
The Correct Answer is D
A. Cerebral aneurysm:
A cerebral aneurysm involves a bulging blood vessel in the brain, which could lead to rupture and bleeding. It is not associated with tremors or bradykinesia.
B. Multiple sclerosis:
MS involves demyelination causing muscle weakness and visual disturbances, but not primarily tremors and bradykinesia.
C. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS):
ALS affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, but does not typically present with tremors or benefit from deep brain stimulation.
D. Parkinson disease:
Parkinson disease features tremors, bradykinesia (slow movements), and abnormal gait. Deep brain stimulation is an advanced therapy for symptom management in Parkinson’s.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","E"]
Explanation
A. Lung abscess:
A lung abscess is a localized pus collection from infection, not a cause of COPD.
B. Pneumothorax:
Pneumothorax is air in the pleural space, causing lung collapse, but it is not a cause of COPD.
C. Pulmonary emphysema:
Emphysema is a destruction of alveolar walls and a main component of COPD.
D. Histoplasmosis:
Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection; while it can cause chronic lung problems, it is not a classic cause of COPD.
E. Chronic asthma:
Chronic, poorly controlled asthma can lead to airway remodeling, contributing to COPD development.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Alkalosis and insomnia:
Alkalosis does not trigger sickling; acidosis (low pH) is more harmful. Insomnia alone is not a direct trigger.
B. Reduced stress and warm environmental temperature:
Reduced stress and warmth help prevent crises rather than cause them.
C. Acidosis and dehydration:
Acidosis promotes sickling of RBCs, and dehydration increases blood viscosity, both triggering vaso-occlusive crises.
D. High fat diet and hyperoxia:
A high-fat diet is linked to cardiovascular disease, and hyperoxia (excess oxygen) is not a trigger for sickling.
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