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A nurse is educating an older adult client who has depression about the benefits of physical activity and exercise.

Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

(Select all that apply.).

Physical activity and exercise can increase your levels of serotonin and endorphins, which are natural mood boosters.

Physical activity and exercise can improve your cardiovascular health, muscle strength, balance and flexibility.

Physical activity and exercise can reduce your stress, anxiety, pain and inflammation.

Physical activity and exercise can enhance your self-esteem, confidence and sense of accomplishment.

Physical activity and exercise can help you sleep better at night and feel more refreshed in the morning.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

The correct answer is A, B, C, D and E.

All of these statements are true and should be included in the nurse’s education.

Physical activity and exercise have many benefits for older adults with depression, such as:.

• Increasing the levels of serotonin and endorphins, which are natural mood boosters that can help reduce depression symptoms.

• Improving cardiovascular health, muscle strength, balance and flexibility, which can prevent or delay chronic diseases, reduce the risk of falls and injuries, and enhance functional ability.

• Reducing stress, anxiety, pain and inflammation, which can worsen depression and affect physical health.

• Enhancing self-esteem, confidence and sense of accomplishment, which can improve self-image, social interaction and coping skills.

• Helping to sleep better at night and feel more refreshed in the morning, which can improve mood, energy and cognitive function.

Choice A is correct because physical activity and exercise can increase the levels of serotonin and endorphins, which are natural mood boosters that can help reduce depression symptoms.

Choice B is correct because physical activity and exercise can improve cardiovascular health, muscle strength, balance and flexibility, which can prevent or delay chronic diseases, reduce the risk of falls and injuries, and enhance functional ability.

Choice C is correct because physical activity and exercise can reduce stress, anxiety, pain and inflammation.

A. Physical activity and exercise can increase your levels of serotonin and endorphins, which are natural mood boosters B.

Physical activity and exercise can improve your cardiovascular health, muscle strength, balance and flexibility C.

Physical activity and exercise can reduce your stress, anxiety, pain and inflammation D.

Physical activity and exercise can enhance your self-esteem, confidence and sense of accomplishment E.

Physical activity and exercise can help you sleep better at night and feel more refreshed in the morning

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

The correct answer isA, B, C, and E.

The nurse should ask the client about medications, vision problems, home environment, and urinary incontinence as these are all factors that could contribute to falls in older adults.

• Medicationscan increase the risk of falls because they can cause side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, or low blood pressure.Some medications that can increase the risk of falls include sedatives, antidepressants, antihypertensives, diuretics, and anticholinergics.

• Vision problemscan impair the ability to see obstacles, judge depth and distance, or adjust to changes in light.Some vision problems that can increase the risk of falls include cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy.

• Home environmentcan pose safety hazards that can cause tripping, slipping, or losing balance.Some home hazards that can increase the risk of falls include loose rugs, clutter, poor lighting, slippery floors, uneven surfaces, and lack of handrails or grab bars.

• Urinary incontinencecan lead to rushed movements to the bathroom or frequent nighttime trips that can increase the risk of falls.Urinary incontinence can be caused by various factors such as bladder infections, prostate problems, pelvic floor weakness, or medication side effects.

Choice D is wrong because thyroid function is not a direct factor that contributes to falls in older adults.However, thyroid disorders such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism can affect other factors such as muscle strength, bone density, heart rate, or blood pressure that can indirectly increase the risk of falls.

Normal ranges for thyroid function tests vary depending on the laboratory and the method used.However, a common reference range for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L and for free thyroxine (FT4) is 0.8 to 1.8 ng/dL.

A. Dehydration B. Malnutrition C. Loss of subcutaneous fat. D. Reduced collagen fibers.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is A.

Dehydration.

Poor skin turgor means that the skin takes longer to return to its normal position after being pinched or pulled.

This is a sign of dehydration, which means the body does not have enough fluid.

Dehydration can be caused by not drinking enough water, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, diabetes, or other conditions that affect fluid balance.

Choice B is wrong because malnutrition does not directly affect skin turgor.

Malnutrition means the body does not get enough nutrients from food.

This can cause various problems, such as weight loss, muscle wasting, poor wound healing, and infections.

However, malnutrition does not cause the skin to lose its elasticity.

Choice C is wrong because loss of subcutaneous fat does not cause poor skin turgor.

Subcutaneous fat is the layer of fat under the skin that helps insulate the body and store energy.

As people age, they tend to lose some subcutaneous fat, especially in the face and hands.

This can make the skin look thinner and more wrinkled, but it does not affect how quickly the skin snaps back after being pinched.

Choice D is wrong because reduced collagen fibers do not cause poor skin turgor.

Collagen is a protein that gives the skin its strength and structure.

As people age, they produce less collagen, which can make the skin sag and lose firmness.

However, collagen does not affect the skin’s ability to retain water and return to its normal shape after being stretched.

Normal ranges for skin turgor vary depending on the age and location of the skin.

In general, healthy skin should return to its normal position within 2 seconds after being pinched.

In children and young adults, skin turgor can be tested on the abdomen or forearm.In elderly people, skin turgor can be tested on the clavicle (collar bone), sternum (breastbone), forehead, or inner thigh.These sites are less affected by skin wrinkling and aging.

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A nurse is educating an older adult client who has depression about the benefits of physical activity and exercise. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing an older adult client who has osteoporosis and reports frequent falls. The nurse should ask the client about which of the following factors that could contribute to falls? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is assessing an elderly patient’s skin turgor and notes that it is poor. The nurse understands that this finding may be due to which of the following reasons?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is educating an older adult client who has depression about the benefits of physical activity and exercise.

Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

(Select all that apply.).