What are two of the factors used to appraise prostate cancer as low-risk or high-risk?
Choose 2 answers.
CA-125 blood test
PSA levels
Liver enzyme levels
Gleason score
Correct Answer : B,D
A. CA-125 blood test: This test is used for ovarian cancer, not prostate cancer.
B. PSA levels: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels are used to assess the risk and progression of prostate cancer. Elevated PSA levels can indicate a higher risk.
C. Liver enzyme levels: These are not used to assess prostate cancer risk.
D. Gleason score: The Gleason score evaluates the aggressiveness of prostate cancer based on histological findings. Higher scores indicate more aggressive disease and are used to assess risk.
E. Patient ethnicity: While it can influence cancer risk, it is not a direct measure of cancer risk level.
F. Urination frequency: This symptom is more indicative of prostate issues rather than a specific risk assessment for prostate cancer.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","F"]
Explanation
A. Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for hyperlipidemia due to the associated abnormalities in lipid metabolism, leading to elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.
B. Vascular damage can be a consequence of hyperlipidemia but is not a risk factor itself.
C. Overexertion is not a recognized risk factor for hyperlipidemia.
D. Gastric ulceration is unrelated to lipid metabolism and does not contribute to hyperlipidemia.
E. Hypercoagulability refers to an increased tendency for blood clotting, which is not directly related to lipid levels in the blood.
F. Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder that leads to extremely high levels of cholesterol in the blood, significantly increasing the risk of hyperlipidemia and associated cardiovascular diseases.
Correct Answer is ["B","F"]
Explanation
A. Respiration: Respiration issues are more relevant to respiratory disorders, while indigestion (dyspepsia) is directly related to GI disorders.
B. Swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) are a common symptom in GI disorders, indicating issues such as esophageal stricture, achalasia, or GERD.
C. Pain in the extremities is not typically associated with GI disorders; it is more relevant to musculoskeletal or neurological conditions.
D. Sleep disruption: While sleep disruption can occur with GI disorders, it is not a primary symptom to be questioned. Other symptoms like swallowing issues or indigestion are more directly related.
E. Family history: A family history of GI disorders can provide valuable information about hereditary conditions like Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, or colorectal cancer.
F. Indigestion, or dyspepsia, is a common symptom of GI disorders. It includes discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen, bloating, and nausea, which are directly related to the GI system.
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