A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.29, bicarbonate (HCC) level of 25 mmol, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) of 55 mmHg Which cause is consistent with these lab values?
Shallow and decreased breathing secondary to COPD
Hyperventilation secondary to a panic attack
Increased renal HCO2 excretion due to kidney disease
Excessive H ion loss due to severe vomiting
The Correct Answer is A
A. Shallow and decreased breathing secondary to COPD: The lab values indicate respiratory acidosis, which is characterized by a low pH (acidic), normal bicarbonate levels, and elevated PaCO2. This is consistent with hypoventilation, often seen in conditions like COPD, where shallow breathing leads to CO2 retention.
B. Hyperventilation secondary to a panic attack: Hyperventilation would cause respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis, characterized by a high pH and low PaCO2.
C. Increased renal HCO3 excretion due to kidney disease: This would lead to metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis, and would typically be associated with a low bicarbonate level.
D. Excessive H+ ion loss due to severe vomiting: Severe vomiting causes metabolic alkalosis due to loss of H+ ions, not respiratory acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","F"]
Explanation
A. Peptostreptococcus is not a common cause of otitis media; it is more often associated with other infections such as abscesses.
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most common causes of otitis media in children.
C. Chlamydia trachomatis is associated with other types of infections, such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or neonatal conjunctivitis, but not typically otitis media.
D. Treponema pallidum is the bacterium responsible for syphilis and is not a cause of otitis media.
E. Escherichia coli: While Escherichia coli can cause infections, it is not a common pathogen in otitis media in children.
F. Haemophilus influenzae is another common bacterium responsible for otitis media in children, particularly the nontypeable strains.
Correct Answer is ["C","F"]
Explanation
A. Abdominal pain is not typically associated with aplastic anemia, which primarily affects the bone marrow.
B. Hair loss is not a common symptom of aplastic anemia, which affects blood cell production rather than hair follicles.
C. Petechiae are small red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding under the skin, a common symptom in aplastic anemia due to thrombocytopenia (low platelet count).
D. Back pain is not commonly associated with aplastic anemia.
E. Hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, is not a typical symptom of aplastic anemia.
F. Bleeding gums can occur in aplastic anemia due to a low platelet count, which impairs the body's ability to clot blood.
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