What are two of the predisposing factors for nephrolithiasis?
Choose 2 answers.
Exposure to diesel exhaust
Atherosclerosis
High-sodium diet
Obesity
Radiotherapy to the pelvis
Long-term urinary catheter
Correct Answer : C
A. Exposure to diesel exhaust: This is unrelated to nephrolithiasis.
B. Atherosclerosis: This relates to cardiovascular disease, not kidney stones.
C. High-sodium diet increases calcium excretion in the urine, which can contribute to the formation of calcium-containing kidney stones, a common form of nephrolithiasis.
D. Obesity is a known risk factor for nephrolithiasis. It can lead to changes in urine composition that favor stone formation.
E. Radiotherapy to the pelvis: While radiotherapy can affect surrounding tissues, it is not a direct cause of nephrolithiasis.
F. Long-term urinary catheter: This is more related to infections and bladder stones rather than kidney stones.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A complication of a medical or surgical procedure: This describes an iatrogenic pneumothorax, not a primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
B. A wound that allows air into the pleural cavity but not out: This describes a tension pneumothorax, not a primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
C. No underlying lung disease and no inciting event: A primary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs without any apparent cause or underlying lung disease, often in healthy individuals, especially young, tall, thin men.
D. Underlying lung disease as well as air entering the pleural space via ruptured blebs: This describes a secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, not a primary one.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a gene, one inherited from each parent.
B. Recessive refers to an allele that only expresses its trait if two copies are present (homozygous), but this term does not describe the inheritance pattern itself.
C. Dominant refers to an allele that expresses its trait even if only one copy is present, but again, this term does not describe the inheritance pattern.
D. Homozygous describes a gene when the same allele is inherited from both parents (e.g., AA or aa).
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