A 68-year-old male patient is admitted to the inpatient floor with reports of a UTI, urinary retention, and nocturia. The patient has chronic conditions including chronic cystitis and nicotine dependence. Microscopic urinalysis results show evidence of malignant epithelial cells. The patient is scheduled for transurethral resection the next day
Which condition is being described?
Bladder cancer
Bladder adenoma
Renal cell carcinoma
Renal epithelial cell cancer
The Correct Answer is A
A. Bladder cancer: The presence of malignant epithelial cells in the urinalysis and the scheduled transurethral resection are indicative of bladder cancer. Bladder cancer often presents with symptoms such as urinary retention, nocturia, and chronic cystitis, especially in older adults and those with risk factors like nicotine dependence.
B. Bladder adenoma: This is less common and typically benign, not associated with malignant epithelial cells.
C. Renal cell carcinoma: This affects the kidneys, not the bladder.
D. Renal epithelial cell cancer: This term is less specific and typically refers to cancers of the renal parenchyma, not the bladder.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","E"]
Explanation
A. Chronic diarrhea is not typically associated with the development of hernias.
B. Heavy lifting is a known risk factor for hernias because it increases intra-abdominal pressure, which can lead to a protrusion of abdominal contents through a weak spot in the abdominal wall.
C. History of stroke is not directly associated with an increased risk of hernias.
D. Anemia is not related to the development of hernias.
E. Pregnancy increases the risk of hernias due to the increased intra-abdominal pressure and stretching of abdominal muscles and tissues.
F. Hypertension is not a direct risk factor for hernias.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Shallow and decreased breathing secondary to COPD: The lab values indicate respiratory acidosis, which is characterized by a low pH (acidic), normal bicarbonate levels, and elevated PaCO2. This is consistent with hypoventilation, often seen in conditions like COPD, where shallow breathing leads to CO2 retention.
B. Hyperventilation secondary to a panic attack: Hyperventilation would cause respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis, characterized by a high pH and low PaCO2.
C. Increased renal HCO3 excretion due to kidney disease: This would lead to metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis, and would typically be associated with a low bicarbonate level.
D. Excessive H+ ion loss due to severe vomiting: Severe vomiting causes metabolic alkalosis due to loss of H+ ions, not respiratory acidosis.
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