What arterial blood gas result is expected when a person experiences prolonged nasogastric suctioning?
pH 7.50, PaCO2 44 mm Hg, HCO3 28 mEq/L
pH 7.34, PaCO2 45 mm Hg, HCO3 21 mEq/L
pH 7.32, PaCO2 49 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L
pH 7.46, PaCO2 29 mm Hg, HCO3 25 mEq/L
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Prolonged nasogastric suctioning removes gastric acid (HCl), reducing hydrogen ions in the blood, leading to metabolic alkalosis. This is reflected by elevated pH (7.50) and increased HCO3 (28 mEq/L), with normal PaCO2 as the lungs have not yet compensated. This matches the expected acid-base imbalance, making it correct.
Choice B reason: This result shows a slightly acidic pH (7.34) with normal PaCO2 and low HCO3, suggesting metabolic acidosis. Nasogastric suctioning causes loss of acid, not base, so it does not lead to acidosis. This imbalance is inconsistent with the alkalosis expected from gastric acid loss, making it incorrect.
Choice C reason: This result indicates a low pH (7.32) and elevated PaCO2, suggesting respiratory acidosis with partial compensation (normal HCO3). Nasogastric suctioning affects gastric acid, causing metabolic, not respiratory, alkalosis. The respiratory parameters here do not align with the condition’s pathophysiology, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: This result shows an elevated pH (7.46) and low PaCO2, indicating respiratory alkalosis, likely from hyperventilation, with normal HCO3. Nasogastric suctioning causes metabolic alkalosis due to acid loss, not respiratory changes. The low PaCO2 does not fit the expected metabolic profile, making this choice incorrect.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Lack of appetite is not typical in type 1 diabetes, where increased appetite (polyphagia) occurs due to glucose deprivation in cells. Weight loss is more characteristic, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Oliguria (low urine output) is not a feature of type 1 diabetes, which causes polyuria due to osmotic diuresis from hyperglycemia. This makes the choice incorrect for type 1 diabetes.
Choice C reason: Night sweats are not a primary manifestation of type 1 diabetes. They may occur in hypoglycemia but are not a hallmark symptom, unlike weight loss, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Weight loss in type 1 diabetes results from insulin deficiency, preventing glucose uptake, leading to fat and muscle breakdown for energy. This is a classic symptom, making this the correct choice.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Unilateral leg swelling suggests deep vein thrombosis, a precursor to pulmonary embolism, not a direct manifestation. Pulmonary embolism affects the lungs, causing respiratory symptoms, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Sudden facial numbness is associated with stroke, not pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism causes pulmonary and systemic symptoms like chest pain, not neurological deficits, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Blood in the urine (hematuria) is unrelated to pulmonary embolism, which affects pulmonary arteries. It may occur in renal conditions, not pulmonary vascular obstruction, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Chest pain is a hallmark of pulmonary embolism, caused by pleural irritation or ischemia from blocked pulmonary arteries. It is often sharp and worsens with breathing, making this the correct choice.
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