What should a person do to prevent a pulmonary embolus from occurring?
Wear compression stockings
Take medication to promote clotting
Rest in bed frequently during the day
Reduce intake of water
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Compression stockings promote venous return, preventing blood stasis in the legs, a major risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can lead to pulmonary embolism. By improving circulation, they reduce clot formation, making this the correct preventive action.
Choice B reason: Medications promoting clotting increase the risk of pulmonary embolism by enhancing thrombus formation. Anticoagulants, not pro-coagulants, are used to prevent clots, making this choice incorrect as it would worsen the risk.
Choice C reason: Frequent bed rest increases the risk of pulmonary embolism by causing venous stasis, promoting clot formation in deep veins. Mobility reduces stasis and clot risk, making this choice incorrect for preventing pulmonary embolism.
Choice D reason: Reducing water intake leads to dehydration, increasing blood viscosity and clot risk, which can cause pulmonary embolism. Adequate hydration maintains blood fluidity, reducing thrombosis risk, making this choice incorrect for prevention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hypertrophy is the increase in cell size due to increased workload, as seen in heart failure where cardiac myocytes enlarge to compensate for increased demand. This adaptation enhances pumping capacity initially but may lead to dysfunction, making this the correct choice for cardiac enlargement.
Choice B reason: Dysplasia involves abnormal cell growth and differentiation, often precancerous, typically in epithelial tissues. It is not a response to increased workload in the heart, which requires cell enlargement, not abnormal development, making this choice incorrect for heart failure adaptation.
Choice C reason: Neoplasia refers to uncontrolled cell growth forming tumors, benign or malignant, and is not a response to heart failure. Cardiac enlargement in heart failure results from adaptive hypertrophy, not tumor formation, making this choice incorrect for the described cellular adaptation.
Choice D reason: Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one cell type with another, often due to chronic irritation (e.g., in smokers’ lungs). It does not occur in cardiac muscle under heart failure stress, which involves cell size increase, making this choice incorrect.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Melena is dark, tarry stool due to upper gastrointestinal bleeding, not greasy or foul-smelling from malabsorption. It results from digested blood, not fat malabsorption, making this choice incorrect for the described diarrhea.
Choice B reason: Small-volume diarrhea is typically due to inflammation, like in inflammatory bowel disease, not malabsorption. It lacks the greasy, foul-smelling quality of fat malabsorption, making this choice incorrect for malabsorption-related diarrhea.
Choice C reason: Steatorrhea is greasy, foul-smelling diarrhea caused by fat malabsorption, common in disorders like celiac disease or pancreatic insufficiency. Undigested fats in stool cause its characteristic appearance and odor, making this the correct choice.
Choice D reason: Osmotic diarrhea results from unabsorbed solutes, like lactose intolerance, causing watery stools, not specifically greasy or foul-smelling. It lacks the fat content of steatorrhea, making this choice incorrect for malabsorption diarrhea.
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