Which condition can cause coronary artery disease (CAD)?

Choice A reason: Stage 1 pressure ulcers present with intact skin showing non-blanchable redness, typically over bony prominences, due to localized ischemia from sustained pressure. No skin loss or blistering occurs, as the epidermis remains intact, indicating early tissue stress without ulceration. This does not match the described blister and skin loss, making it incorrect.

Choice B reason: Stage 4 pressure ulcers involve full-thickness tissue loss, exposing underlying structures like muscle, bone, or tendons. Severe necrosis and deep tissue damage occur due to prolonged pressure, disrupting blood supply extensively. The described superficial skin loss with a blister does not involve such deep structures, ruling out Stage 4.

Choice C reason: Stage 3 pressure ulcers feature full-thickness skin loss, extending into subcutaneous tissue but not to muscle or bone. They may show undermining or tunneling due to tissue necrosis. The described blister with top-layer skin loss suggests partial-thickness damage, not deep enough for Stage 3, making this choice incorrect.

Choice D reason: Stage 2 pressure ulcers involve partial-thickness skin loss, affecting the epidermis and possibly dermis, often appearing as a shallow ulcer or fluid-filled blister. The blister and loss of the top skin layer described indicate damage beyond redness but not full-thickness, aligning perfectly with Stage 2 characteristics, making this the correct choice.

Choice A reason: SIADH causes excessive antidiuretic hormone, leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Low serum sodium results from increased water reabsorption in the kidneys, causing neurological symptoms, making this the correct manifestation.

Choice B reason: Hyperkalemia is not associated with SIADH, which affects water balance, not potassium. Potassium imbalances occur in adrenal or renal disorders, not SIADH’s water retention mechanism, making this choice incorrect.

Choice C reason: Hyperglycemia is unrelated to SIADH, which involves water retention and sodium dilution. Glucose levels are affected by diabetes, not antidiuretic hormone dysfunction, making this choice incorrect for SIADH manifestations.

Choice D reason: Hypertension may occur in SIADH due to fluid overload, but it is not the primary manifestation. Hyponatremia is more specific, as water retention directly dilutes sodium, making this choice incorrect.