What condition is marked by inflammation of the glomeruli, typically due to a streptococcal or Staphylococcus infection?

Choice A rationale

A deficit of parathyroid hormone would not cause dwarfism, but it could lead to hypoparathyroidism, which can cause muscle cramps or spasms due to low levels of calcium in the blood.

Choice B rationale

Excessive levels of insulin could lead to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), not dwarfism.

Choice C rationale

Excessive levels of somatotropin (GH) would not cause dwarfism. Instead, it could lead to gigantism in children or acromegaly in adults.

Choice D rationale

A deficit of somatotropin (GH) could indeed cause dwarfism. Somatotropin, also known as growth hormone, is essential for growth and development. A deficiency can result in short stature.

Choice A rationale

Cushing syndrome is caused by chronic high blood levels of cortisol or related corticosteroids.

Choice B rationale

Addison disease is a disorder in which the adrenal glands don’t produce enough hormones.

Choice C rationale

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, not a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla.

Choice D rationale

Pheochromocytoma is a rare, usually noncancerous (benign) tumor that develops in cells in the center of an adrenal gland. This tumor can release hormones that can cause a persistent or episodic increase in blood pressure.