What results from increased renal water retention caused by excessive ADH levels?
Diabetes Insipidus
Cushing Syndrome
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
Diabetes Mellitus
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Diabetes Insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely diluted urine, with reduction of fluid intake having no effect on the concentration of the urine.
Choice B rationale
Cushing Syndrome is a hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure of the body’s tissues to high levels of the hormone cortisol.
Choice C rationale
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is a condition in which your body makes too much antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to water retention and low levels of sodium in your blood.
Choice D rationale
Diabetes Mellitus refers to a group of diseases that affect how your body uses blood sugar (glucose)8.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
An insufficient amount of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) would lead to hypothyroidism, not Addison’s disease.
Choice B rationale
Decreased levels of all the adrenocortical hormones could lead to various symptoms, but the most severe manifestations of Addison’s disease are specifically caused by an insufficient amount of circulating cortisol.
Choice C rationale
Deficiencies in the renin-angiotensin system could affect blood pressure regulation, but they would not cause the most severe manifestations of Addison’s disease.
Choice D rationale
An insufficient amount of circulating cortisol is indeed what causes the most severe manifestations of Addison’s disease. Cortisol is a hormone that helps your body respond to stress, including the stress of illness, injury or surgery. It also helps maintain your blood pressure, heart function, immune system and blood glucose (sugar) levels.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Type I diabetes is due to the lack of insulin production, while type II diabetes is caused by insulin resistance.
Choice B rationale
This statement is incorrect. Type I diabetes is not caused by insulin resistance.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. Type I diabetes is not caused by overproduction of insulin.
Choice D rationale
This statement is incorrect. Type I diabetes is not the result of insulin resistance.
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