What is the definition of selective toxicity in relation to anti-infectives?
The ability of an anti-infective completely eliminate all microorganisms from the host's body.
The ability of an article to the host while targeting microorganisms.
The ability of an anti-infective to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms without causing harm to the host
The ability of an anti-infective to target specific microorganisms without affecting other microorganisms
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. This option is incorrect because complete elimination of all microorganisms is not typically achievable or desirable, as some microorganisms are beneficial.
B. While this statement is partially correct, it does not fully encompass the definition of selective toxicity, which emphasizes the balance of efficacy and safety.
C. Selective toxicity refers to the ability of an anti-infective to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms without causing harm to the host. This principle is fundamental in developing effective antimicrobial agents that target pathogens while minimizing toxicity to human cells.
D. This option implies a focus on targeting specific microorganisms, which is related but not the complete definition of selective toxicity, as it also involves not harming the host.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Using the same antibiotic for every infection can promote resistance, as it does not consider the specific pathogens or susceptibility patterns.
B. Prescribing antibiotics for every suspected infection can lead to overuse and unnecessary exposure to antibiotics, increasing the risk of resistance.
C. Encouraging self-medication with antibiotics can result in inappropriate usage and contribute to the development of resistant bacteria.
D. Educating healthcare providers and patients about appropriate antibiotic use is crucial in minimizing antibiotic resistance. This education helps ensure that antibiotics are prescribed only when necessary and used correctly, which can reduce the development of resistant strains of bacteria.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This option incorrectly describes a placebo, which is not related to the concept of a prototype drug.
B. A prototype drug is defined as a medication that is considered the standard or model for a particular drug class or category, serving as a reference for the development of other drugs in that class.
C. Prototype drugs can be available in both brand and generic forms; this option is not accurate.
D. Prototype drugs are not limited to pediatric use and can be prescribed for patients of all ages.
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