What is the major role of oxygen?
Maintains acid-base balance in the body
Triggers chemoreceptors in the body
All of these
Necessary for cellular metabolism
The Correct Answer is D
A. Oxygen does play a role in maintaining acid-base balance indirectly, as it is required for aerobic metabolism, which produces carbon dioxide that is regulated by the body to maintain acid-base balance. However, this is not its primary role.
B. Oxygen does trigger chemoreceptors, but this is more of a secondary function to regulate breathing based on oxygen and carbon dioxide levels.
C. While oxygen has many roles, its most critical function is providing the necessary support for cellular metabolism, which is vital for energy production in cells.
D. Oxygen is essential for cellular metabolism as it is required for the process of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, which produces ATP, the energy currency of cells.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The presence of epithelial cells in urinary casts is indicative of acute tubular necrosis (ATN), a condition where the tubular cells in the kidneys are damaged, often due to ischemia or nephrotoxic substances. These damaged cells shed into the urine, forming casts.
B. Glomerulonephritis is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli and typically leads to hematuria and proteinuria, but it is not specifically associated with epithelial cells in casts.
C. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) usually cause bacteriuria, pyuria, and sometimes hematuria, but not epithelial cell casts.
D. Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidneys that can cause white blood cell casts and bacteria in the urine, but it is not typically associated with epithelial cell casts.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Desmopressin (DDAVP) is the correct treatment for Diabetes insipidus. This medication is a synthetic form of vasopressin, which helps the kidneys to retain water, thereby reducing the symptoms of excessive urination and thirst in individuals with Diabetes insipidus.
B. Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to treat fluid retention, not Diabetes insipidus. It increases urine output, which would worsen the condition in patients with Diabetes insipidus.
C. Diuretics are used to increase urine output and are not used in the treatment of Diabetes insipidus, as they could exacerbate dehydration.
D. Corticosteroids are not used to treat Diabetes insipidus. They are typically used to treat inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, but not Diabetes insipidus.
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