What is the major role of oxygen?
Maintains acid-base balance in the body
Triggers chemoreceptors in the body
All of these
Necessary for cellular metabolism
The Correct Answer is D
A. Oxygen does play a role in maintaining acid-base balance indirectly, as it is required for aerobic metabolism, which produces carbon dioxide that is regulated by the body to maintain acid-base balance. However, this is not its primary role.
B. Oxygen does trigger chemoreceptors, but this is more of a secondary function to regulate breathing based on oxygen and carbon dioxide levels.
C. While oxygen has many roles, its most critical function is providing the necessary support for cellular metabolism, which is vital for energy production in cells.
D. Oxygen is essential for cellular metabolism as it is required for the process of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, which produces ATP, the energy currency of cells.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Cardiac myocytes (heart muscle cells) are less likely to undergo neoplastic transformation compared to other cell types. These cells have a very limited ability to proliferate and typically do not undergo the rapid cell division that is characteristic of cancerous growth.
B. Hepatocytes (liver cells) are capable of undergoing neoplastic transformation and can give rise to liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) under certain conditions, such as chronic liver disease or cirrhosis.
C. Epithelial cells, which line body surfaces and cavities, are among the most common cell types to undergo neoplastic transformation. Various cancers, such as skin cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer, arise from epithelial cells.
D. Lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) can develop into neoplasms, such as lymphomas or leukemias, when they undergo malignant transformation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Increased chloride levels, also known as hyperchloremia, can occur in metabolic acidosis as part of the body's attempt to balance acid-base status.
B. All of the options listed contribute to metabolic acidosis. Increased metabolic acids, decreased bicarbonate, and increased chloride levels can all be present in metabolic acidosis, making this the correct answer.
C. Increased metabolic acids, such as lactic acid or ketoacids, are a key feature of metabolic acidosis.
D. In metabolic acidosis, bicarbonate levels decrease as the body compensates by buffering excess acid with available bicarbonate.
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