A patient is interested in learning about the risk factors for prostate cancer. Which factors does the nurse include in the teaching?

Family history of prostate cancer

Race

Obesity

Smoking

Advanced age

Eating too much red meat

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E,F

A.   Family history of prostate cancer is a known risk factor, as the disease can be more common in those with a relative who has had prostate cancer.
B.   Race is a significant factor; African American men and Caribbean men of African ancestry have a higher incidence of prostate cancer.
C.   Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of developing more aggressive forms of prostate cancer.
D.   Smoking, while a risk factor for many cancers, is not as strongly linked to prostate cancer as the other factors listed here.
E.   Advanced age is a major risk factor since the probability of developing prostate cancer increases significantly after the age of 50.
F.   Consuming a large amount of red meat has been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Alcohol can directly suppress the production of red blood cells (erythropoiesis) in the bone marrow, leading to anemia.
B. While alcoholics may indeed be deficient in folate due to poor nutrition, folate deficiency is not the primary mechanism for anemia in alcoholic liver disease.
C. Liver dysfunction can lead to decreased production of clotting factors, contributing to coagulopathy, but it is not the primary mechanism for anemia in alcoholic liver disease.
D. Gastric ulcers may indeed lead to chronic blood loss, contributing to anemia, but it is not specific to alcoholic liver disease.
E. While alcohol-induced inflammation may contribute to various complications, including liver damage, it is not the primary mechanism for anemia in alcoholic liver disease.

A. Raloxifene hydrochloride B. Levothyroxine C. Escitalopram oxalate D. Calcitonin

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Raloxifene hydrochloride is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that is used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It helps to prevent bone loss and reduce the risk of fractures by acting similarly to estrogen in some tissues and antagonizing estrogen in others.
B. Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement medication used to treat hypothyroidism, not osteoporosis.
C. Escitalopram oxalate is an antidepressant medication used to treat depression and anxiety disorders, not osteoporosis.
D. Calcitonin is a hormone involved in calcium regulation, and calcitonin nasal spray is sometimes used in the treatment of osteoporosis, but it is not typically the first-line treatment option.

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A patient is interested in learning about the risk factors for prostate cancer. Which factors does the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

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