What is the primary role of antibodies in the immune response?
To directly destroy pathogens and infected cells.
To attract white blood cells to the site of infection.
To produce hormones that regulate immune function.
To maintain body temperature during infections.
The Correct Answer is A
Explanation: To directly destroy pathogens and infected cells. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins produced by B cells in response to a specific pathogen. They bind to the surface of the pathogen and mark it for destruction by other components of the immune system or directly neutralize the pathogen.
Incorrect choices:
b. While antibodies can attract white blood cells to the site of infection, their primary role is not to do so but rather to directly target and neutralize pathogens.
c. Antibodies do not produce hormones but are part of the humoral immune response, which involves the production of antibodies to fight off infections.
d. Antibodies do not play a role in maintaining body temperature during infections; instead, fever is a response triggered by the release of certain chemicals called pyrogens during infections.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells) are the effector cells of cell-mediated immunity. Their primary role is to directly recognize and kill infected or abnormal cells, such as virus-infected cells or cancer cells. Cytotoxic T cells release cytotoxic granules containing perforin and granzymes, which induce apoptosis (cell death) in the target cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. Helper T cells, not cytotoxic T cells, recognize antigens presented by macrophages and play a crucial role in activating other immune cells.
b. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies against pathogens during the humoral immune response, not cytotoxic T cells.
d. Regulatory T cells (suppressor T cells) are involved in regulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation and tissue damage, not cytotoxic T cells.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: Recognizing and responding to specific antigens. T cells are a type of lymphocyte that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They recognize and respond to specific antigens presented by infected or abnormal cells, leading to their destruction.
Incorrect choices:
a. T cells are not responsible for the production of antibodies, but that is the role of B cells in the humoral immune response.
b. While T cells are involved in directly attacking and destroying infected cells, their main function is to recognize specific antigens rather than directly attacking pathogens.
c. Marking pathogens for destruction by phagocytes is primarily a function of antibodies and complement proteins, not T cells.
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