What is the term or acronym for a temporary impairment of cerebral circulation that causes symptoms lasting minutes to hours but results in no permanent neurological changes?
TIA
Stroke
CVA
OSAH
The Correct Answer is A
A. TIA: A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is characterized by temporary symptoms due to a brief period of reduced blood flow to the brain, with no lasting damage.
B. Stroke: A stroke involves a more prolonged interruption of blood flow to the brain and typically results in permanent neurological damage.
C. CVA: Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is another term for stroke, involving sustained damage.
D. OSAH: This is not a relevant term or acronym for the condition described. It is not related to cerebral circulation impairment.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Instruct the patient to wear constrictive clothing: This is incorrect. Constrictive clothing can impede blood flow and worsen venous stasis.
B. Encourage frequent ambulation: This is correct. Ambulation promotes circulation, helps prevent blood stasis, and encourages the healing of ulcers.
C. Encourage the patient to keep legs in a dependent position: This is incorrect. Keeping the legs in a dependent position can increase venous pressure and exacerbate edema, which is counterproductive for managing venous stasis ulcers.
D. Apply compression stockings: This is correct. Compression stockings help to improve venous return, reduce edema, and promote ulcer healing by preventing blood from pooling in the legs.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Heparin: Heparin is an anticoagulant, but it is not typically used in the acute management of ischemic stroke because it does not dissolve clots already formed. It may be used later for prophylaxis against new clots.
B. Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA): This is correct. tPA is a thrombolytic agent that can dissolve the clot causing the stroke. It is most effective when given within a few hours of symptom onset, making it the appropriate medication in this scenario.
C. Warfarin: Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant used for long-term prevention of clot formation but is not suitable for immediate thrombolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke.
D. Clopidogrel: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used for secondary prevention of strokes but is not used for acute thrombolysis.
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