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A patient with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) complains of hematuria and flank pain. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?

A.

Administer corticosteroids

B.

Encourage dietary protein intake

C.

Monitor blood pressure

D.

Prepare for immediate dialysis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

(A) Administer Corticosteroids: PKD is not an inflammatory disease, so steroids are not the first-line treatment.

(B) Encourage Dietary Protein Intake: High-protein diets can worsen kidney damage in PKD patients.

(C) Monitor Blood Pressure: Hypertension is a common and serious complication of PKD. Controlling blood pressure can slow disease progression and reduce the risk of further kidney damage.

(D) Prepare for Immediate Dialysis: Dialysis is not required unless the patient has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Early-stage PKD is managed with symptom control and blood pressure management.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(A) 0.45% NaCl (Hypotonic Fluid): Used for mild dehydration but can cause fluid shifts leading to cerebral edema.

(B) 3% NaCl (Hypertonic Fluid): Used for severe hyponatremia, not dehydration.

(C) Lactated Ringer’s (LR): This isotonic fluid replaces lost fluids and electrolytes, making it the best choice for severe dehydration, especially in patients with electrolyte imbalances.

(D) D5W: Initially isotonic but becomes hypotonic once glucose is metabolized, leading to fluid shifts into cells, worsening dehydration.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Hyperthyroidism:

  • Heat Intolerance: Increased metabolism leads to excessive heat production.
  • Exophthalmos: Protrusion of the eyes due to autoimmune effects in conditions like Graves’ disease.
  • Tremors: Overstimulation of the nervous system causes fine hand tremors.

Hypothyroidism:

  • Bradycardia: Reduced thyroid hormone slows metabolism and heart rate.
  • Weight Gain: Decreased metabolism leads to fat accumulation.
  • Dry Coarse Skin: Reduced metabolism causes decreased sweat and oil production, leading to dry skin.

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