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Place the following symptoms under the correct condition: Diabetes Insipidus or SIADH.

A.

Polyuria

B.

Decreased Urine Output

C.

Hyponatremia

D.

Hypernatremia

E.

Dilute Urine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}

Diabetes Insipidus:

  • Polyuria: ADH deficiency/resistance causes excessive urine output.
  • Hypernatremia: Excessive water loss leads to high serum sodium levels.
  • Dilute Urine: The kidneys cannot concentrate urine without ADH.

SIADH:

  • Decreased Urine Output: Excess ADH leads to water retention and decreased urination.
  • Hyponatremia: Water retention dilutes sodium levels.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(A) Severe Dehydration: Prerenal AKI is caused by reduced blood flow to the kidneys. Dehydration leads to hypovolemia, reducing renal perfusion and causing AKI.

(B) Renal Calculi: Postrenal AKI, not prerenal.

(C) Polycystic Kidney Disease: Chronic kidney disease, not acute.

(D) Glomerulonephritis: Intrarenal AKI, due to direct kidney damage

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(A) Seizures: Severe hyponatremia (Na+ < 120 mEq/L) can cause cerebral edema, leading to increased intracranial pressure and seizures.

(B) Hyperreflexia: More common in hypernatremia or hypocalcemia, not hyponatremia.

(C) Bradycardia: Severe hyponatremia usually causes tachycardia, not bradycardia.

(D) Hypertension: Hyponatremia often leads to hypotension due to fluid shifts.

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