Which inheritance pattern requires only one mutated gene to cause a disorder?
X-linked recessive
Mitochondrial
Autosomal recessive
Autosomal dominant
The Correct Answer is D
(A) X-linked recessive: Requires two mutated genes in females or one in males (e.g., hemophilia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy).
(B) Mitochondrial: Inherited only from the mother, affects energy production.
(C) Autosomal recessive: Requires two copies of a mutated gene (one from each parent) to cause disease (e.g., cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia).
(D) Autosomal dominant: A single copy of a mutated gene from one parent is enough to cause a disorder. Examples include Huntington’s disease and Marfan syndrome.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
(A) Prevent constipation: Calcium channel blockers can cause constipation, but metoprolol does not prevent it.
(B) Minimize gingival hyperplasia: Gingival hyperplasia is a side effect of calcium channel blockers, but metoprolol does not counteract it.
(C) Prevent recurrent chest pain: Nifedipine can cause reflex tachycardia, which increases myocardial oxygen demand. Metoprolol (a beta-blocker) prevents this by slowing the heart rate and reducing myocardial workload, thereby preventing angina.
(D) Reduce flushing: Flushing is a side effect of nifedipine, but metoprolol is not used for this purpose.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
(A) Magnesium is 2.0 mEq/L: Normal range (1.5-2.5 mEq/L), not concerning.
(B) Sodium Level is 136 mEq/L: Normal range (135-145 mEq/L), no immediate risk.
(C) Calcium is 10.1 mEq/L: Normal range (8.5-10.5 mEq/L), not a concern.
(D) Potassium Level is 6.1 mEq/L: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and hyperkalemia can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
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