Which inheritance pattern requires only one mutated gene to cause a disorder?
X-linked recessive
Mitochondrial
Autosomal recessive
Autosomal dominant
The Correct Answer is D
(A) X-linked recessive: Requires two mutated genes in females or one in males (e.g., hemophilia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy).
(B) Mitochondrial: Inherited only from the mother, affects energy production.
(C) Autosomal recessive: Requires two copies of a mutated gene (one from each parent) to cause disease (e.g., cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia).
(D) Autosomal dominant: A single copy of a mutated gene from one parent is enough to cause a disorder. Examples include Huntington’s disease and Marfan syndrome.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
(A) Mitochondrial: CF is not maternally inherited through mitochondrial DNA.
(B) X-linked Dominant: CF does not involve the X chromosome.
(C) Autosomal Recessive: Cystic fibrosis (CF) occurs when an individual inherits two mutated copies of the CFTR gene (one from each parent). Both parents must be carriers for a child to develop the disease.
(D) Autosomal Dominant: CF requires two copies of the mutated gene, unlike dominant disorders that require only one.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Include foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide is a loop diuretic, which increases potassium excretion and may cause hypokalemia, requiring potassium supplementation.
(B) Increase calcium-rich foods: Torsemide primarily affects potassium, not calcium.
(C) Restrict fluid intake to 500 mL/day: Fluid restrictions may be necessary in severe heart failure, but 500 mL/day is too restrictive unless specifically indicated.
(D) Restrict foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide causes potassium loss, not retention, so restricting potassium would worsen hypokalemia.
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