What should the parents of infants with a positive phenylketonuria (PKU) test be instructed to do?
Give the infant a high protein diet.
Provide the infant with a diet containing small amounts of phenylalanine.
Early introduction of cow’s milk may be necessary before 1 year of age.
Follow up with a pediatric cardiologist.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Giving an infant with a positive PKU test a high protein diet is not recommended. This is because phenylalanine, which cannot be broken down by individuals with PKU, is found in high-protein foods.
Choice B rationale
Parents of infants with a positive PKU test should provide the infant with a diet containing small amounts of phenylalanine. This is because while phenylalanine is harmful in large amounts to individuals with PKU, it is still an essential amino acid that the body needs in small amounts.
Choice C rationale
Early introduction of cow’s milk is not necessary before 1 year of age for infants with a positive PKU test. In fact, cow’s milk is high in phenylalanine and should be avoided.
Choice D rationale
Following up with a pediatric cardiologist is not specifically related to the dietary management of PKU. While regular medical supervision is important for children with PKU, it does not necessarily have to be with a cardiologist.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Kernicterus is a rare type of brain damage that occurs in a newborn with severe jaundice. It happens when a substance in the blood, bilirubin, builds up to very high levels and spreads into the brain tissues. This condition can cause athetoid cerebral palsy and hearing loss. Kernicterus also causes problems with vision and teeth and sometimes can cause intellectual disabilities. However, the symptoms provided do not align with this condition.
Choice B rationale
A severe cardiac anomaly could cause heart failure and respiratory distress, but it would not explain the positive Coomb’s test, high bilirubin levels, severe anemia, jaundice, and generalized edema.
Choice C rationale
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common problem in premature babies. It causes babies to need extra oxygen and help with breathing. RDS occurs most often in babies born before the 28th week of pregnancy and can be a problem for babies born before 37 weeks of pregnancy. It’s caused by a lack of a slippery substance called surfactant, which helps the lungs inflate with air and keeps them from collapsing. However, the symptoms provided do not align with this condition.
Choice D rationale
Hydrops fetalis is a severe, life-threatening problem of severe edema (swelling) in the fetus and newborn. It is also called hydrops. There are two types of hydrops fetalis: immune and nonimmune. Immune hydrops fetalis is a complication of a severe form of Rh incompatibility, which can be prevented. Nonimmune hydrops fetalis occurs as a result of other diseases, such as infections, heart or lung defects, liver disease, or genetic disorders, which aligns with the symptoms provided.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A is correct. The square window angle, formed by the intersection of the ear and the jawline, is an important physical assessment finding in neonates. In full-term babies, this angle is typically greater than 90 degrees, appearing more rounded. However, in preterm babies, the angle is often closer to 90 degrees, appearing more square due to underdeveloped facial features and subcutaneous tissue.
Choice B is incorrect. While leathery and cracked skin can be present in both term and preterm babies, it's not a specific indicator of prematurity alone. It can be caused by various factors like intrauterine growth restriction, dehydration, or underlying skin conditions.
Choice C is incorrect. The popliteal angle, formed by flexing the knee and measuring the angle between the thigh and lower leg, is not a reliable indicator of prematurity. It can vary even among term babies and is influenced by other factors like muscle tone and positioning.
Choice D is incorrect. Pronounced plantar creases, the lines on the soles of the feet, are also not specific to prematurity. While they may be deeper in some preterm babies, they can also be present in full-term infants and their depth can vary greatly between individuals.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.