When evaluating a client for a tendency toward addictive behaviors, the nurse would expect which findings?

Rhonchi. Rhonchi are low-pitched, rattling sounds that indicate mucus in the larger airways. They are most evident on expiration and may decrease after coughing.

Choice B is wrong because wheezes are high-pitched, squeaking sounds that indicate narrowed small air passages. They are usually heard on both inspiration and expiration.

Choice C is wrong because crackles are short, high-pitched popping sounds that indicate fluid or inflammation in the alveoli. They are usually heard on inspiration.

Choice D is wrong because pleural friction rubs are creaking or grating sounds that indicate inflammation of the pleura. They are usually heard on both inspiration and expiration and do not change with coughing.

Reminiscing about the spouse with significant others. This is an important need for a widowed client during the grieving period following the death of the client’s spouse because it helps them process their loss, express their emotions, and honor their memories. Reminiscing can also provide comfort, support, and meaning to the bereaved.

Choice B. Self-indulgence in order to fill the emptiness left by the spouse’s death is wrong because it can be unhealthy, addictive, or harmful to the client’s well-being. Self-indulgence may also prevent the client from coping with their grief in a constructive way.

Choice C. Reassurance that the client did all that could be expected for their spouse is wrong because it may imply that the client is responsible for their spouse’s death or that they could have prevented it.

This may increase the client’s guilt, regret, or self-blame. Reassurance should focus on the client’s strengths, resilience, and coping skills.

Choice D. Engagement in activities that will take the client’s mind off the loss of the spouse is wrong because it may suggest that the client should avoid or deny their grief.

This may interfere with the healing process and lead to unresolved or complicated grief. Engagement in activities should be balanced with time for reflection, mourning, and self-care.

Normal ranges for grief vary depending on the individual, the relationship, and the circumstances of the death. However, some general guidelines are that grief can last from a few months to several years and that it may involve physical and emotional symptoms such as trouble sleeping, loss of appetite, difficulty concentrating, crying, sadness, anger,