When the overgrowth of infectious agents is combined with decreased blood flow, what happens?
Apoptosis
Necrosis
Cellular adaptation
Cellular damage
The Correct Answer is B
A. Apoptosis refers to programmed cell death, which is a controlled process rather than a direct consequence of infection and blood flow issues.
B. Necrosis occurs when there is unregulated cell death due to injury or lack of blood flow, often resulting from infection or inflammation leading to tissue damage.
C. Cellular adaptation refers to changes that occur in cells in response to stress or injury but does not encompass the direct consequences of infection and impaired blood flow.
D. Cellular damage can occur as a result of necrosis or other processes, but in the context of infection and blood flow issues, necrosis is the more definitive outcome.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Autoimmune diseases involve inappropriate immune responses but are not classified solely as hypersensitivity reactions.
B. Degranulation refers to the release of substances from immune cells, often a part of hypersensitivity reactions, but does not encapsulate the full scope of their consequences.
C. Allergic diseases are directly caused by hypersensitivity responses, which occur when the immune system reacts excessively to harmless substances.
D. Deficiency syndromes relate to a lack of immune function or components, not the excessive responses seen in hypersensitivity reactions.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Antigenic variability in the influenza virus, due to mutations and genetic reassortment, necessitates annual updates to the vaccine to match circulating strains effectively.
B. While antibody levels may decline over time, they do not undergo apoptosis in a way that directly requires annual vaccination.
C. Differentiation is not relevant in this context.
D. Proliferation refers to cell division and is not a primary reason for the need to update the influenza vaccine.
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