Which age-related changes increase in older people? Select all that apply.
Long-term memory
Functional ability of brain cells
Loss of neurons (brain cells)
Calcification of coronary arteries
Vital capacity
Conduction speed associated with synaptic transmission
Correct Answer : C,D
A. Long-term memory
Generally stable, but not increased with age; may decline with pathology.
B. Functional ability of brain cells
Decreases with age due to neuron loss and slower neurotransmission.
C. Loss of neurons (brain cells)
There is a natural increase in the loss of brain cells with age.
D. Calcification of coronary arteries
This increases with age and contributes to cardiovascular disease risk.
E. Vital capacity
Decreases with age due to reduced lung compliance and muscle strength.
F. Conduction speed associated with synaptic transmission
Slows with age due to degenerative neural changes; it does not increase.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Loss of brain neurons: This is a chronic, age-related process, not an acute change due to pneumonia.
B. Hypotension: While possible, it’s not the most common acute manifestation related to aging and infection.
C. Disorientation: Older adults often present with confusion or disorientation (delirium) as a sign of infection due to decreased physiologic reserves.
D. Sedation: Unless medications are involved, sedation isn’t an expected direct result of pneumonia or aging.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Dementia: Usually presents with memory loss and cognitive decline, not primarily with low energy, insomnia, or anorexia.
B. Sarcopenia: This is muscle mass loss, which may cause weakness but is not associated with insomnia or anorexia.
C. Depression: In older adults, depression often presents with physical complaints like low energy, sleep disturbances, and appetite loss, even when labs are normal.
D. Diabetes: May cause fatigue, but typically includes additional findings like polyuria, polydipsia, and abnormal labs.
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