Which bone structures are commonly affected by Paget's disease?
Long bones of the extremities
Axial skeleton, including the skull, spine, and pelvis
Hands and feet
Ribs and sternum
The Correct Answer is B
Paget's disease commonly affects the axial skeleton, including the skull, spine, and pelvis. The bones in these areas are often involved in the patchy areas of increased bone density and disorganized bone remodeling seen in the condition.
a. Long bones of the extremities: While long bones can be affected by Paget's disease, the axial skeleton is more commonly involved.
c. Hands and feet: The hands and feet can be affected by Paget's disease, but the axial skeleton is more frequently involved.
d. Ribs and sternum: The ribs and sternum can be affected by Paget's disease, but the axial skeleton, including the skull, spine, and pelvis, is more commonly affected.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A potential complication of Paget's disease is an increased risk of fractures. The abnormal bone remodeling and weakening of bone structures in Paget's disease can lead to an increased susceptibility to fractures.
a. Hypertension: Hypertension is not a direct complication of Paget's disease. The condition primarily affects bone structures.
b. Osteoporosis: Paget's disease is not a form of osteoporosis. While both conditions involve bone changes, they have distinct pathophysiological mechanisms.
d. Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not a complication of Paget's disease. The conditions are unrelated and have different underlying causes.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The primary purpose of a bone biopsy in diagnosing Paget's disease is to examine bone tissue for characteristic changes that confirm the diagnosis. Microscopic examination of the bone tissue can reveal the disorganized bone remodeling and other characteristic features of the condition.
a. To assess calcium levels in the bone: Bone biopsies are not performed to assess calcium levels in the bone. Other diagnostic tests, such as blood tests, are used for that purpose.
b. To confirm the presence of bone tumors: Paget's disease is not a bone tumor, and the biopsy is not performed to confirm the presence of tumors. The biopsy confirms the specific bone changes associated with the condition.
c. To evaluate bone density and strength: Bone biopsies do not directly evaluate bone density and strength. Other imaging modalities, such as X-rays and DXA scans, are used for assessing bone density.
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