Which bone structures are commonly affected by Paget's disease?
Long bones of the extremities
Axial skeleton, including the skull, spine, and pelvis
Hands and feet
Ribs and sternum
The Correct Answer is B
Paget's disease commonly affects the axial skeleton, including the skull, spine, and pelvis. The bones in these areas are often involved in the patchy areas of increased bone density and disorganized bone remodeling seen in the condition.
a. Long bones of the extremities: While long bones can be affected by Paget's disease, the axial skeleton is more commonly involved.
c. Hands and feet: The hands and feet can be affected by Paget's disease, but the axial skeleton is more frequently involved.
d. Ribs and sternum: The ribs and sternum can be affected by Paget's disease, but the axial skeleton, including the skull, spine, and pelvis, is more commonly affected.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
X-ray imaging is commonly used to confirm the diagnosis of Paget's disease. X-rays can show characteristic bone changes, such as bone enlargement, thickening, and deformities, which are indicative of Paget's disease.
a. Bone density scan: While bone density scans may be useful to assess bone health in other conditions, they are not the primary diagnostic tool for Paget's disease. X-rays are preferred.
b. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): MRI may provide detailed images of bones and surrounding soft tissues, but it is not the first-line diagnostic test for Paget's disease. X-rays are more commonly used.
d. Blood glucose test: A blood glucose test is used to diagnose and monitor diabetes, not Paget's disease. These conditions are unrelated.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The increased bone turnover and remodeling in Paget's disease can cause warmth and erythema (redness) over the affected bones. This is due to the increased blood flow and metabolic activity in the affected areas.
a. Cool, clammy skin: Cool, clammy skin is not directly related to the increased bone turnover and remodeling in Paget's disease. It may be related to other factors, such as circulation or environmental conditions.
b. Pulsating chest pain: Pulsating chest pain is not a typical finding in Paget's disease. It may be related to other cardiac or respiratory conditions.
d. Enlarged skull circumference: An enlarged skull circumference is a common manifestation of Paget's disease, but it is not directly related to the increased bone turnover and remodeling. It results from excessive bone growth in the skull bones.
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