Which client does the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for the development of sepsis?
A 59-year-old with rheumatoid arthritis.
A 71-year-old with a PICC line for TPN.
A 14-year-old with asthma and bronchitis.
A 39-year-old with renal calculi.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: While individuals with rheumatoid arthritis may have an increased risk of infection due to the disease itself or the use of immunosuppressive medications, it does not pose as high a risk as intravenous lines for sepsis.
Choice B reason: A peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line, especially when used for total parenteral nutrition (TPN), presents a significant risk for infection due to the direct access to the bloodstream, making this client at the highest risk for sepsis.
Choice C reason: Asthma and bronchitis can lead to respiratory infections, but these conditions do not typically result in sepsis unless the infection becomes severe and systemic.
Choice D reason: Renal calculi (kidney stones) can cause infections; however, they are less likely to lead to sepsis compared to a central line.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: The ABG results show an elevated pH and HCO3, which are indicative of metabolic alkalosis. The PaCO2 is within the normal range, suggesting that it is uncompensated.
Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis would be indicated by an elevated PaCO2 and a decreased pH, which is not the case here.
Choice C reason: Metabolic acidosis would be indicated by a decreased pH and HCO3, which is not consistent with the given results.
Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis would be indicated by a decreased PaCO2 and an increased pH, which is not consistent with the given results.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Prolonged vomiting typically leads to metabolic alkalosis due to the loss of gastric acid, which is not consistent with the ABG results showing acidosis.
Choice B reason: COPD can lead to respiratory acidosis, as indicated by the elevated PaCO2 and low pH in the ABG results, making it a likely contributor to these findings.
Choice C reason: Chronic renal failure can lead to metabolic acidosis, but the HCO3 level is within the normal range, which does not support this as the primary condition.
Choice D reason: Anxiety and hyperventilation usually result in respiratory alkalosis due to the excessive exhalation of CO2, which is the opposite of what the ABG results show.
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