Which two conditions are within this disease classification? Choose 2 answers.
Asthma
Pulmonary emphysema
Pneumonia
Pulmonary fibrosis
Asbestosis
Correct Answer : A,B
These two conditions belong to the disease classification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a group of lung diseases that cause persistent and progressive airflow limitation and difficulty breathing. Asthma is a condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Pulmonary emphysema is a condition that damages the alveoli (air sacs) in the lungs, reducing their elasticity and surface area, resulting in less oxygen exchange and more trapped air. Both asthma and pulmonary emphysema can be triggered by environmental factors, such as allergens, pollutants, tobacco smoke, or infections. The main difference between asthma and pulmonary emphysema is that asthma is reversible with medication, while pulmonary emphysema is irreversible and progressive.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Lymphangitis is an inflammation of the lymphatic vessels that occurs when bacteria or other pathogens spread from a site of infection to the lymphatic system. It can cause swollen lymph nodes, fever, chills, muscle aches, and loss of appetite, as well as pain in the affected area, which may be accompanied by red streaks along the course of the inflamed vessels.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a hormonal system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. When blood pressure is low, the kidneys secrete renin, which converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin I, which is then converted into angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that narrows blood vessels and increases blood pressure. It also stimulates the release of aldosterone, which increases sodium and water retention and further raises blood pressure. When the RAS is overactivated, it can lead to a hypertensive crisis, which is a severe elevation of blood pressure that can damage organs and cause stroke, heart attack, or kidney failure.
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