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Which condition is caused by fatty, fibrous plaques that obstruct the lumen of coronary arteries?

Atherosclerosis

Atrial fibrillation

Thrombophlebitis

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Atherosclerosis:

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fatty plaques in arterial walls, narrowing the arteries and restricting blood flow.

B. Atrial fibrillation:

AFib is an electrical conduction problem in the atria, not a vascular blockage.

C. Thrombophlebitis:

Thrombophlebitis is vein inflammation with clot formation, not plaque formation in arteries.

D. Hypertension:

Hypertension is high blood pressure, which can result from atherosclerosis but is not the direct cause of arterial plaque.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Breast cancer:

Cryoablation is not a first-line treatment for breast cancer, though it may be used in some instances for specific benign breast conditions or small, early-stage tumors.

B. Testicular cancer:

Cryoablation is not typically used for testicular cancer. Surgical removal or chemotherapy are more common treatments.

C. Prostate cancer:

Cryoablation (or cryosurgery) is sometimes used to treat prostate cancer, especially for localized cancers, by freezing and destroying cancer cells.

D. Ovarian cancer:

Ovarian cancer is treated with surgery, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy, but not with cryoablation.

A. Surgical emergencies cannot be excluded. B. The patient uses no contraceptives. C. The patient has a history of miscarriage. D. The diagnosis is uncertain. E. There is a history of Sexual Transmitted Infections (STIs). F. C-reactive protein levels are low.

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A. Surgical emergencies cannot be excluded:

If there is a possibility of a surgical emergency (such as a ruptured ectopic pregnancy or an abscess), hospitalization is necessary for observation and treatment.

B. The patient uses no contraceptives:

While contraception use may affect the risk of PID, it doesn't directly determine whether hospitalization is needed.

C. The patient has a history of miscarriage:

A history of miscarriage is not a specific indication for hospitalization in PID cases.

D. The diagnosis is uncertain:

If PID is suspected but the diagnosis is uncertain, hospitalization may be required for further diagnostic workup and close monitoring.

E. There is a history of STIs:

A history of STIs increases the risk of PID but doesn't necessarily require hospitalization.

F. C-reactive protein levels are low:

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker, but low levels do not indicate that hospitalization is not needed.

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Which condition is caused by fatty, fibrous plaques that obstruct the lumen of coronary arteries?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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