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Which condition is caused by fatty, fibrous plaques that obstruct the lumen of coronary arteries?

A.

Atherosclerosis

B.

Atrial fibrillation

C.

Thrombophlebitis

D.

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Atherosclerosis:

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fatty plaques in arterial walls, narrowing the arteries and restricting blood flow.

B. Atrial fibrillation:

AFib is an electrical conduction problem in the atria, not a vascular blockage.

C. Thrombophlebitis:

Thrombophlebitis is vein inflammation with clot formation, not plaque formation in arteries.

D. Hypertension:

Hypertension is high blood pressure, which can result from atherosclerosis but is not the direct cause of arterial plaque.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Isotonic: An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration as blood plasma; thus, 0.9% NaCl does not cause cells to shrink or swell.

B. Exotonic: "Exotonic" is not a recognized term in fluid balance or physiology.

C. Hypotonic: A hypotonic solution (like 0.45% NaCl) has a lower solute concentration than blood, causing water to move into cells, possibly leading to swelling.

D. Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution (like 3% NaCl) has a higher solute concentration than blood, causing water to leave cells and leading to cell shrinkage.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease):

GERD causes heartburn and regurgitation, not RLQ pain or diarrhea.

B. Crohn disease:

Crohn's disease (regional enteritis) causes chronic inflammation that can affect any part of the GI tract, often terminal ileum (RLQ pain), with diarrhea and weight loss.

C. Peptic ulcers:

Peptic ulcers cause epigastric pain, typically related to meals, not chronic RLQ pain or diarrhea.

D. Pancreatitis:

Pancreatitis causes epigastric pain radiating to the back, not right lower quadrant pain or chronic diarrhea.

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